jcode + Claude Sonnet 5 on float-print

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && cat spec.md"}

# float-print Print a float32 as the shortest decimal string that parses back to the same bits. This is the "shortest round-trip float printing" problem: an active research area (Grisu 2010, Ryu 2018, Dragonbox 2020), and the printing hot path of every serializer, REPL, and JSON encoder. ## Task You are given a working, tested implementation in `submission/solve.c`. It is correct and simple: it tries increasing precision until round-trip succeeds. Make it faster. Correctness on every one of the 2^32 float bit patterns is the gate. ``` ./grade # build, verify (fast gate: ~35M stratified cases), measure, score ./grade --full # the official gate: all 2^32 bit patterns (multithreaded) ./grade --seed N # reproduce a specific cost corpus ``` Edit only files under `submission/`. ## Contract ```c // Write a decimal representation of f into out (buffer >= 32 bytes). // Returns the number of bytes written (no NUL required). size_t float_print(float f, char *out); ``` Requirements on the output string, checked per value: 1. **Round-trip**: `strtof(out) == f` bit-exactly (after NUL-termination by the harness). For -0.0f the output must parse to -0.0f (sign preserved). 2. **Shortest**: the number of significant decimal digits used is the minimum for which any round-tripping representation of `f` exists. 3. **Format**: `-?D(.D+)?(e[+-]?DD?)?` where D are digits, i.e. something `strtof` accepts: an optional minus, digits with optional decimal point, optional exponent. No leading `+`, no leading zeros on the integer part (except a single `0` before `.`), no trailing zeros in the fraction. `inf`, `-inf`, `nan` (exactly these, lowercase) for infinities and NaNs. 4. Length <= 31 bytes. The verifier checks 1, 2 and 4 exactly, and 3 by a strict format automaton. Values with the same shortest digit count may have several valid strings (e.g. exponent vs plain notation); any compliant one passes. ## Verification (the gate) - Default gate (fast, ~seconds, multithreaded): all 2^24 exponent-stratified patterns (every exponent x 2^15 mantissa strides), every power of two, every exponent boundary +-2, all denormals' boundary region, all NaN/inf classes, all values < 2^20 as integers, plus 2M seeded random patterns. - `--full`: every one of the 2^32 bit patterns. This is the official gate and runs in a few minutes on 8 threads. Run it before you claim a final score. ## Cost model (the score) Instructions inside `float_print` (callgrind), over a seeded corpus of 50k floats drawn from published regimes (uniform bits 30%, round decimals 25%, small integers 15%, [0,1) uniforms 15%, huge/tiny exponents 10%, denormals 5%). Paired: the frozen given implementation (`verify/given.c`) is measured on the same corpus each grade, so the score is seed-independent. ``` score = log2(given_cost / your_cost) ``` The given implementation is deliberately simple (snprintf try-loop), so early doublings come easily; the frontier (Ryu/Dragonbox-class, ~few hundred instructions/call) is worth roughly +6 to +7. Beyond the frontier is research. ## Rules - Self-contained C17, libc only. You may (and should) replace the snprintf approach entirely. - Do not modify the grader/verifier. Any correct program is a valid submission. --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ls -la && cat submission/solve.c && echo ---- && ls verify && cat verify/given.c 2>/dev/null | head -100"}

total 5 drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 160 Jul 19 02:36 . drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 60 Jul 19 02:36 .. drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 180 Jul 19 02:36 .build -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 225 Jul 19 02:28 grade -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 126 Jul 19 02:36 scores.jsonl -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3296 Jul 19 02:28 spec.md drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 60 Jul 19 02:28 submission drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 120 Jul 19 02:28 verify // solve.c — the given implementation of float_print. // Correct and simple: try increasing digit counts with snprintf until the // result round-trips. This is what a careful programmer writes first, and // it is slow. Make it faster. See ../spec.md. Grade with ../grade. #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <math.h> #include <stdint.h> size_t float_print(float f, char *out) { // Specials. if (isnan(f)) { memcpy(out, "nan", 3); return 3; } if (isinf(f)) { if (f < 0) { memcpy(out, "-inf", 4); return 4; } memcpy(out, "inf", 3); return 3; } if (f == 0.0f) { // preserve sign of zero if (signbit(f)) { memcpy(out, "-0", 2); return 2; } out[0] = '0'; return 1; } // Try shortest first: %.<p>g produces p significant digits. char buf[64]; for (int prec = 1; prec <= 9; prec++) { int n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.*g", prec, (double)f); if (n <= 0) continue; float back = strtof(buf, NULL); if (back == f) { // normalize: %g may emit exponents like e+05; strip leading // zeros in the exponent to keep the format tight (e+05 -> e+5). char *e = memchr(buf, 'e', (size_t)n); if (e) { char *p = e + 1; char sign = 0; if (*p == '+' || *p == '-') { sign = *p; p++; } while (*p == '0' && p[1] != '\0') { memmove(p, p + 1, (size_t)(n - (p - buf))); n--; } if (sign == '+') { // keep '+'? strtof accepts both; keep as-is (allowed). } } memcpy(out, buf, (size_t)n); return (size_t)n; } } // 9 significant digits always round-trips for float32. int n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.9g", (double)f); memcpy(out, buf, (size_t)n); return (size_t)n; } ---- gen_corpus.py given.c runner.c verify.c // solve.c — the given implementation of float_print. // Correct and simple: try increasing digit counts with snprintf until the // result round-trips. This is what a careful programmer writes first, and // it is slow. Make it faster. See ../spec.md. Grade with ../grade. #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <math.h> #include <stdint.h> size_t given_float_print(float f, char *out) { // Specials. if (isnan(f)) { memcpy(out, "nan", 3); return 3; } if (isinf(f)) { if (f < 0) { memcpy(out, "-inf", 4); return 4; } memcpy(out, "inf", 3); return 3; } if (f == 0.0f) { // preserve sign of zero if (signbit(f)) { memcpy(out, "-0", 2); return 2; } out[0] = '0'; return 1; } // Try shortest first: %.<p>g produces p significant digits. char buf[64]; for (int prec = 1; prec <= 9; prec++) { int n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.*g", prec, (double)f); if (n <= 0) continue; float back = strtof(buf, NULL); if (back == f) { // normalize: %g may emit exponents like e+05; strip leading // zeros in the exponent to keep the format tight (e+05 -> e+5). char *e = memchr(buf, 'e', (size_t)n); if (e) { char *p = e + 1; char sign = 0; if (*p == '+' || *p == '-') { sign = *p; p++; } while (*p == '0' && p[1] != '\0') { memmove(p, p + 1, (size_t)(n - (p - buf))); n--; } if (sign == '+') { // keep '+'? strtof accepts both; keep as-is (allowed). } } memcpy(out, buf, (size_t)n); return (size_t)n; } } // 9 significant digits always round-trips for float32. int n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.9g", (double)f); memcpy(out, buf, (size_t)n); return (size_t)n; } --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && cat grade && echo ---VERIFY--- && cat verify/verify.c && echo ---RUNNER--- && cat verify/runner.c"}

#!/usr/bin/env python3 import os, sys sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), "..", "..", "harness")) from grade import main main(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), "float_print") ---VERIFY--- // verify.c — correctness gate for float-print. // For each tested bit pattern: // 1. run float_print, NUL-terminate, length check // 2. format check (strict automaton) // 3. round-trip check: strtof(out) bit-equals input // 4. shortest check: significant digits used == minimal round-tripping count // (minimal count computed independently with snprintf %.*g) // Modes: default = stratified fast gate (~19M cases), --full = all 2^32. // Multithreaded. Exit 0 = pass; prints first counterexample otherwise. #include <stdint.h> #include <stddef.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <math.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <stdatomic.h> size_t float_print(float f, char *out); static atomic_ullong n_cases; static atomic_int failed; static pthread_mutex_t report_mu = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; // ---- independent minimal-digit oracle ---- static int min_digits(float f) { char buf[64]; for (int p = 1; p <= 9; p++) { snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.*g", p, (double)f); if (strtof(buf, NULL) == f) return p; } return 9; } // ---- strict format automaton ---- // -?D+(.D+)?(e[+-]?D+)? with: no leading zeros on integer part unless it is // exactly "0"; fraction has no trailing zero; exponent has no leading zero; // returns significant digit count, or -1 if malformed. static int check_format(const char *s, size_t n) { size_t i = 0; if (i < n && s[i] == '-') i++; // integer part size_t int_start = i; while (i < n && s[i] >= '0' && s[i] <= '9') i++; size_t int_len = i - int_start; if (int_len == 0) return -1; if (int_len > 1 && s[int_start] == '0') return -1; // leading zero size_t frac_len = 0; if (i < n && s[i] == '.') { i++; size_t fs = i; while (i < n && s[i] >= '0' && s[i] <= '9') i++; frac_len = i - fs; if (frac_len == 0) return -1; if (s[i - 1] == '0') return -1; // trailing zero in fraction } if (i < n && (s[i] == 'e' || s[i] == 'E')) { if (s[i] == 'E') return -1; // lowercase only i++; if (i < n && (s[i] == '+' || s[i] == '-')) i++; size_t es = i; while (i < n && s[i] >= '0' && s[i] <= '9') i++; size_t elen = i - es; if (elen == 0) return -1; if (elen > 1 && s[es] == '0') return -1; // leading zero in exponent } if (i != n) return -1; // significant digits: all digits of int+frac, minus leading zeros // (a leading "0." contributes no significant digit). int sig = 0; int seen_nonzero = 0; for (size_t k = int_start; k < n; k++) { char c = s[k]; if (c == 'e') break; if (c < '0' || c > '9') continue; if (c != '0') seen_nonzero = 1; if (seen_nonzero) sig++; } // trailing zeros in the integer part are significant-or-not ambiguous // (e.g. 100 for 1e2 uses 1 sig digit conceptually but 3 chars). We count // shortest by ROUND-TRIPPING at min_digits, so recompute leniently: // strip trailing zeros of integer-only outputs when no fraction present. return sig ? sig : 1; // "0" -> 1 } static int sig_digits_lenient(const char *s, size_t n) { // significant digits ignoring trailing zeros when there is no '.' or 'e' int has_dot = memchr(s, '.', n) != NULL; int has_e = memchr(s, 'e', n) != NULL; int sig = check_format(s, n); if (sig < 0) return -1; if (!has_dot && !has_e) { // strip trailing zeros: 1200 -> 2 sig digits size_t end = n; while (end > 1 && s[end - 1] == '0') { end--; sig--; } } return sig; } static int check_one(uint32_t bits, char *msgbuf) { float f; memcpy(&f, &bits, 4); char out[40]; memset(out, 0x7F, sizeof(out)); size_t n = float_print(f, out); if (n == 0 || n > 31) { sprintf(msgbuf, "bad length %zu", n); return 0; } out[n] = '\0'; // specials if (isnan(f)) { if (strcmp(out, "nan") != 0) { sprintf(msgbuf, "nan must print 'nan', got '%s'", out); return 0; } return 1; } if (isinf(f)) { const char *want = f < 0 ? "-inf" : "inf"; if (strcmp(out, want) != 0) { sprintf(msgbuf, "inf mismatch: got '%s'", out); return 0; } return 1; } // round trip char *endp; float back = strtof(out, &endp); if (*endp != '\0') { sprintf(msgbuf, "strtof did not consume '%s'", out); return 0; } uint32_t backbits; memcpy(&backbits, &back, 4); if (backbits != bits) { sprintf(msgbuf, "round-trip failed: '%s' -> %08x != %08x", out, backbits, bits); return 0; } if (f == 0.0f) return 1; // sign already verified by bit equality // format const char *body = out[0] == '-' ? out : out; int sig = sig_digits_lenient(body, n); if (sig < 0) { sprintf(msgbuf, "malformed output '%s'", out); return 0; } // shortest int md = min_digits(f); if (sig > md) { sprintf(msgbuf, "not shortest: '%s' uses %d sig digits, %d possible", out, sig, md); return 0; } return 1; } static void fail_report(uint32_t bits, const char *msg) { pthread_mutex_lock(&report_mu); if (!atomic_exchange(&failed, 1)) { float f; memcpy(&f, &bits, 4); fprintf(stderr, "MISMATCH on bits 0x%08x (%g): %s\n", bits, (double)f, msg); } pthread_mutex_unlock(&report_mu); } // ---- work scheduling ---- typedef struct { uint64_t start, end, stride; } range_t; #define MAX_RANGES 4096 static range_t ranges[MAX_RANGES]; static int n_ranges; static atomic_int next_range; static void add_range(uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint64_t stride) { if (n_ranges >= MAX_RANGES) { fprintf(stderr, "range overflow\n"); exit(2); } { ranges[n_ranges++] = (range_t){start, end, stride}; } } static void *worker(void *arg) { (void)arg; char msg[256]; for (;;) { int idx = atomic_fetch_add(&next_range, 1); if (idx >= n_ranges) return NULL; range_t r = ranges[idx]; for (uint64_t v = r.start; v < r.end; v += r.stride) { if (atomic_load_explicit(&failed, memory_order_relaxed)) return NULL; if (!check_one((uint32_t)v, msg)) { fail_report((uint32_t)v, msg); return NULL; } atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&n_cases, 1, memory_order_relaxed); } } } static const uint32_t *extra_bits; static size_t extra_n; static atomic_ulong extra_next; static void *extra_worker(void *arg) { (void)arg; char msg[256]; for (;;) { size_t i = atomic_fetch_add(&extra_next, 4096); if (i >= extra_n) return NULL; size_t end = i + 4096 < extra_n ? i + 4096 : extra_n; for (; i < end; i++) { if (atomic_load_explicit(&failed, memory_order_relaxed)) return NULL; if (!check_one(extra_bits[i], msg)) { fail_report(extra_bits[i], msg); return NULL; } atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&n_cases, 1, memory_order_relaxed); } } } static uint64_t rng_state = 0x6A636F6465ULL; static uint64_t rng_next(void) { uint64_t z = (rng_state += 0x9E3779B97F4A7C15ULL); z = (z ^ (z >> 30)) * 0xBF58476D1CE4E5B9ULL; z = (z ^ (z >> 27)) * 0x94D049BB133111EBULL; return z ^ (z >> 31); } int main(int argc, char **argv) { int full = 0; uint64_t seed = 0x6A636F6465ULL; for (int a = 1; a < argc; a++) { if (strcmp(argv[a], "--full") == 0) full = 1; else seed = strtoull(argv[a], NULL, 0); } rng_state = seed; if (full) { // all 2^32 patterns, split into 64 chunks for (int k = 0; k < 64; k++) add_range((uint64_t)k << 26, (uint64_t)(k + 1) << 26, 1); } else { // stratified fast gate: // every exponent (0..255, both signs) x mantissa stride 512 (2^14 each) for (int sgn = 0; sgn < 2; sgn++) for (int ex = 0; ex < 256; ex++) { uint64_t base = ((uint64_t)sgn << 31) | ((uint64_t)ex << 23); add_range(base, base + (1u << 23), 512); } // all small integers as floats: 0..2^20 for (int k = 0; k < 8; k++) { // convert integer to float bits: do it as its own range trick — // handled below via explicit loop range marker (stride 0 unused); (void)k; } // exact boundaries: first/last 4096 mantissas of every exponent for (int sgn = 0; sgn < 2; sgn++) for (int ex = 0; ex < 256; ex++) { uint64_t base = ((uint64_t)sgn << 31) | ((uint64_t)ex << 23); add_range(base, base + 4096, 1); add_range(base + (1u << 23) - 4096, base + (1u << 23), 1); } } int nthreads = 8; pthread_t th[64]; for (int t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) pthread_create(&th[t], NULL, worker, NULL); for (int t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) pthread_join(th[t], NULL); if (atomic_load(&failed)) return 1; if (!full) { // extra passes: small integers exactly + random patterns (threaded) size_t n_extra = (1u << 20) + 1 + 2000000; uint32_t *extra = malloc(n_extra * 4); size_t k = 0; for (uint32_t i = 0; i <= (1u << 20); i++) { float f = (float)i; memcpy(&extra[k++], &f, 4); } for (int i = 0; i < 2000000; i++) extra[k++] = (uint32_t)rng_next(); extra_bits = extra; extra_n = n_extra; atomic_store(&extra_next, 0); for (int t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) pthread_create(&th[t], NULL, extra_worker, NULL); for (int t = 0; t < nthreads; t++) pthread_join(th[t], NULL); free(extra); if (atomic_load(&failed)) return 1; } printf("verify: PASS (%llu cases%s)\n", (unsigned long long)atomic_load(&n_cases), full ? ", FULL 2^32" : ""); return 0; } ---RUNNER--- // runner.c — cost driver for float-print. Reads uint32 bit patterns, // calls float_print on each. Run under callgrind with --toggle-collect. #include <stdint.h> #include <stddef.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #ifdef RUNNER_GIVEN size_t given_float_print(float f, char *out); #define float_print given_float_print #else size_t float_print(float f, char *out); #endif int main(int argc, char **argv) { if (argc < 2) { fprintf(stderr, "usage: runner CORPUS\n"); return 2; } FILE *f = fopen(argv[1], "rb"); if (!f) { perror("corpus"); return 2; } fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END); long sz = ftell(f); fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET); uint32_t *bits = malloc((size_t)sz); if (fread(bits, 1, (size_t)sz, f) != (size_t)sz) { perror("read"); return 2; } fclose(f); size_t n = (size_t)sz / 4; char out[40]; unsigned long long checksum = 0; for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) { float v; memcpy(&v, &bits[i], 4); size_t r = float_print(v, out); checksum += r + (unsigned char)out[0]; } printf("runner: %zu floats, checksum %llu\n", n, checksum); return 0; } --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print && find . -name \"grade.py\" | xargs cat 2>/dev/null | head -200"}

#!/usr/bin/env python3 """Shared grader for jcode bench tasks. Pipeline: build -> verify (gate) -> callgrind cost (submission + frozen given, same corpus: paired) -> score = log2(given/sub). Appends to scores.jsonl. Each task directory provides: submission/*.c, verify/verify.c (+reference.c optional), verify/given.c (frozen given impl, function prefixed given_), verify/runner.c (honors -DRUNNER_GIVEN), verify/gen_corpus.py, and a small `grade` wrapper exporting TASK_FN (the measured function name). """ import argparse, json, math, os, re, subprocess, sys, time, glob def sh(cmd, **kw): return subprocess.run(cmd, check=True, capture_output=True, text=True, **kw) def main(here, fn, extra_cflags=None, verify_args=None): SUB = os.path.join(here, "submission") VER = os.path.join(here, "verify") BUILD = os.path.join(here, ".build") CFLAGS = ["-O2", "-std=c17", "-fno-lto", "-g"] + (extra_cflags or []) ap = argparse.ArgumentParser() ap.add_argument("--seed", type=int, default=None) ap.add_argument("--full", action="store_true", help="run the full exhaustive gate (if the task has one)") ap.add_argument("--quiet", action="store_true") args = ap.parse_args() seed = args.seed if args.seed is not None else int(time.time()) % 100000 os.makedirs(BUILD, exist_ok=True) sub_srcs = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(SUB, "*.c"))) if not sub_srcs: sys.exit("no .c files in submission/") t0 = time.time() ref = os.path.join(VER, "reference.c") refs = [ref] if os.path.exists(ref) else [] sh(["cc", *CFLAGS, "-I", SUB, *sub_srcs, *refs, os.path.join(VER, "verify.c"), "-o", os.path.join(BUILD, "verify"), "-lm", "-lpthread"]) sh(["cc", *CFLAGS, "-I", SUB, *sub_srcs, os.path.join(VER, "runner.c"), "-o", os.path.join(BUILD, "runner"), "-lm"]) if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(BUILD, "runner_given")): sh(["cc", *CFLAGS, "-DRUNNER_GIVEN", os.path.join(VER, "given.c"), os.path.join(VER, "runner.c"), "-o", os.path.join(BUILD, "runner_given"), "-lm"]) t_build = time.time() - t0 t0 = time.time() vargs = [str(seed)] + (["--full"] if args.full else []) + (verify_args or []) r = subprocess.run([os.path.join(BUILD, "verify"), *vargs], capture_output=True, text=True) if r.returncode != 0: print(r.stdout, end="") print(r.stderr, end="", file=sys.stderr) print("grade: FAIL (verification)") sys.exit(1) t_verify = time.time() - t0 def measure(binary, func): corpus = os.path.join(BUILD, f"corpus_{seed}.bin") if not os.path.exists(corpus): sh(["python3", os.path.join(VER, "gen_corpus.py"), str(seed), corpus]) cg = os.path.join(BUILD, f"callgrind.{binary}.out") if os.path.exists(cg): os.unlink(cg) sh(["valgrind", "--tool=callgrind", f"--toggle-collect={func}", "--collect-atstart=no", "--dump-line=no", f"--callgrind-out-file={cg}", os.path.join(BUILD, binary), corpus]) total = 0 with open(cg) as f: for line in f: ls = line.strip() if re.match(r"^\d+ \d+$", ls) or re.match(r"^\d+ \d+ ", ls): total += int(ls.split()[1]) if total == 0: sys.exit(f"cost extraction failed (did you rename {func}?)") return total t0 = time.time() cost = measure("runner", fn) # The given binary is frozen, so its cost per corpus seed is a pure # function of the seed: cache it. gcache = os.path.join(BUILD, f"given_cost_{seed}.json") if os.path.exists(gcache): with open(gcache) as f: given = json.load(f)["cost"] else: given = measure("runner_given", f"given_{fn}") with open(gcache, "w") as f: json.dump({"cost": given}, f) t_measure = time.time() - t0 score = math.log2(given / cost) rec = {"ts": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ", time.gmtime()), "seed": seed, "cost": cost, "given_cost": given, "score": round(score, 4), "full_gate": bool(args.full)} with open(os.path.join(here, "scores.jsonl"), "a") as f: f.write(json.dumps(rec) + "\n") if not args.quiet: print(f"build {t_build:5.1f}s") print(f"verify {t_verify:5.1f}s PASS{' (FULL gate)' if args.full else ''}") print(f"measure {t_measure:5.1f}s {cost:,} instructions (given: {given:,})") print(f"SCORE {score:+.4f} ({given / cost:.3f}x)") --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp && cat > t.c <<'EOF'\n#include <stdint.h>\nint main() {\n unsigned __int128 x = 1;\n x <<= 100;\n return (int)(x >> 100);\n}\nEOF\ncc -std=c17 -O2 -Wall -Wextra t.c -o t && ./t; echo $?\ngcc --version | head -1\n"}

1 gcc (GCC) 16.1.1 20260625 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "pip show ryu 2>/dev/null; which git; ls /usr/include | grep -i ryu; echo done"}

/usr/sbin/git done --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ulfjack/ryu/master/ryu/f2s.c", "format": "text"}

Fetched https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ulfjack/ryu/master/ryu/f2s.c (7018 bytes) // Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams // // The contents of this file may be used under the terms of the Apache License, // Version 2.0. // // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Apache or copy at // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0) // // Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of // the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Boost or copy at // https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, this software // is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY // KIND, either express or implied. // Runtime compiler options: // -DRYU_DEBUG Generate verbose debugging output to stdout. #include "ryu/ryu.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef RYU_DEBUG #include #endif #include "ryu/common.h" #include "ryu/f2s_intrinsics.h" #include "ryu/digit_table.h" #define FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS 23 #define FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS 8 #define FLOAT_BIAS 127 // A floating decimal representing m * 10^e. typedef struct floating_decimal_32 { uint32_t mantissa; // Decimal exponent's range is -45 to 38 // inclusive, and can fit in a short if needed. int32_t exponent; } floating_decimal_32; static inline floating_decimal_32 f2d(const uint32_t ieeeMantissa, const uint32_t ieeeExponent) { int32_t e2; uint32_t m2; if (ieeeExponent == 0) { // We subtract 2 so that the bounds computation has 2 additional bits. e2 = 1 - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; m2 = ieeeMantissa; } else { e2 = (int32_t) ieeeExponent - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; m2 = (1u %u * 2^%d\n", m2, e2 + 2); #endif // Step 2: Determine the interval of valid decimal representations. const uint32_t mv = 4 * m2; const uint32_t mp = 4 * m2 + 2; // Implicit bool -> int conversion. True is 1, false is 0. const uint32_t mmShift = ieeeMantissa != 0 || ieeeExponent = 0) { const uint32_t q = log10Pow2(e2); e10 = (int32_t) q; const int32_t k = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t) q) - 1; const int32_t i = -e2 + (int32_t) q + k; vr = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q, i); vp = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mp, q, i); vm = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mm, q, i); #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("%u * 2^%d / 10^%u\n", mv, e2, q); printf("V+=%u\nV =%u\nV-=%u\n", vp, vr, vm); #endif if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 vm / 10) { #ifdef __clang__ // https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=23106 // The compiler does not realize that vm % 10 can be computed from vm / 10 // as vm - (vm / 10) * 10. vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm - (vm / 10) * 10 == 0; #else vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm % 10 == 0; #endif vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t) (vr % 10); vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; ++removed; } #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("V+=%u\nV =%u\nV-=%u\n", vp, vr, vm); printf("d-10=%s\n", vmIsTrailingZeros ? "true" : "false"); #endif if (vmIsTrailingZeros) { while (vm % 10 == 0) { vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t) (vr % 10); vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; ++removed; } } #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("%u %d\n", vr, lastRemovedDigit); printf("vr is trailing zeros=%s\n", vrIsTrailingZeros ? "true" : "false"); #endif if (vrIsTrailingZeros && lastRemovedDigit == 5 && vr % 2 == 0) { // Round even if the exact number is .....50..0. lastRemovedDigit = 4; } // We need to take vr + 1 if vr is outside bounds or we need to round up. output = vr + ((vr == vm && (!acceptBounds || !vmIsTrailingZeros)) || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); } else { // Specialized for the common case (~96.0%). Percentages below are relative to this. // Loop iterations below (approximately): // 0: 13.6%, 1: 70.7%, 2: 14.1%, 3: 1.39%, 4: 0.14%, 5+: 0.01% while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t) (vr % 10); vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; ++removed; } #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("%u %d\n", vr, lastRemovedDigit); printf("vr is trailing zeros=%s\n", vrIsTrailingZeros ? "true" : "false"); #endif // We need to take vr + 1 if vr is outside bounds or we need to round up. output = vr + (vr == vm || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); } const int32_t exp = e10 + removed; #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("V+=%u\nV =%u\nV-=%u\n", vp, vr, vm); printf("O=%u\n", output); printf("EXP=%d\n", exp); #endif floating_decimal_32 fd; fd.exponent = exp; fd.mantissa = output; return fd; } static inline int to_chars(const floating_decimal_32 v, const bool sign, char* const result) { // Step 5: Print the decimal representation. int index = 0; if (sign) { result[index++] = '-'; } uint32_t output = v.mantissa; const uint32_t olength = decimalLength9(output); #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("DIGITS=%u\n", v.mantissa); printf("OLEN=%u\n", olength); printf("EXP=%u\n", v.exponent + olength); #endif // Print the decimal digits. // The following code is equivalent to: // for (uint32_t i = 0; i = 10000) { #ifdef __clang__ // https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=38217 const uint32_t c = output - 10000 * (output / 10000); #else const uint32_t c = output % 10000; #endif output /= 10000; const uint32_t c0 = (c % 100) = 100) { const uint32_t c = (output % 100) = 10) { const uint32_t c = output 1) { result[index + 1] = '.'; index += olength + 1; } else { ++index; } // Print the exponent. result[index++] = 'E'; int32_t exp = v.exponent + (int32_t) olength - 1; if (exp = 10) { memcpy(result + index, DIGIT_TABLE + 2 * exp, 2); index += 2; } else { result[index++] = (char) ('0' + exp); } return index; } int f2s_buffered_n(float f, char* result) { // Step 1: Decode the floating-point number, and unify normalized and subnormal cases. const uint32_t bits = float_to_bits(f); #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("IN="); for (int32_t bit = 31; bit >= 0; --bit) { printf("%u", (bits >> bit) & 1); } printf("\n"); #endif // Decode bits into sign, mantissa, and exponent. const bool ieeeSign = ((bits >> (FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS + FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS)) & 1) != 0; const uint32_t ieeeMantissa = bits & ((1u > FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) & ((1u << FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS) - 1); // Case distinction; exit early for the easy cases. if (ieeeExponent == ((1u << FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS) - 1u) || (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0)) { return copy_special_str(result, ieeeSign, ieeeExponent, ieeeMantissa); } const floating_decimal_32 v = f2d(ieeeMantissa, ieeeExponent); return to_chars(v, ieeeSign, result); } void f2s_buffered(float f, char* result) { const int index = f2s_buffered_n(f, result); // Terminate the string. result[index] = '\0'; } char* f2s(float f) { char* const result = (char*) malloc(16); f2s_buffered(f, result); return result; }

{"command": "cd /tmp && mkdir -p ryu && cd ryu\nfor f in f2s.c f2s_intrinsics.h digit_table.h common.h ryu.h; do\n curl -fsSL \"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ulfjack/ryu/master/ryu/$f\" -o \"$f\" || echo \"FAIL $f\"\ndone\nls -la\nwc -l *.c *.h"}

total 24 drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 140 Jul 19 02:39 . drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 140 Jul 19 02:39 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3648 Jul 19 02:39 common.h -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1745 Jul 19 02:39 digit_table.h -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11279 Jul 19 02:39 f2s.c -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4294 Jul 19 02:39 f2s_intrinsics.h -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1360 Jul 19 02:39 ryu.h 345 f2s.c 114 common.h 35 digit_table.h 128 f2s_intrinsics.h 46 ryu.h 668 total --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/ryu && cat f2s.c"}

// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams // // The contents of this file may be used under the terms of the Apache License, // Version 2.0. // // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Apache or copy at // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0) // // Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of // the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Boost or copy at // https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, this software // is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY // KIND, either express or implied. // Runtime compiler options: // -DRYU_DEBUG Generate verbose debugging output to stdout. #include "ryu/ryu.h" #include <assert.h> #include <stdbool.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <limits.h> #ifdef RYU_DEBUG #include <stdio.h> #endif #include "ryu/common.h" #include "ryu/f2s_intrinsics.h" #include "ryu/digit_table.h" #define FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS 23 #define FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS 8 #define FLOAT_BIAS 127 // A floating decimal representing m * 10^e. typedef struct floating_decimal_32 { uint32_t mantissa; // Decimal exponent's range is -45 to 38 // inclusive, and can fit in a short if needed. int32_t exponent; } floating_decimal_32; static inline floating_decimal_32 f2d(const uint32_t ieeeMantissa, const uint32_t ieeeExponent) { int32_t e2; uint32_t m2; if (ieeeExponent == 0) { // We subtract 2 so that the bounds computation has 2 additional bits. e2 = 1 - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; m2 = ieeeMantissa; } else { e2 = (int32_t) ieeeExponent - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; m2 = (1u << FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) | ieeeMantissa; } const bool even = (m2 & 1) == 0; const bool acceptBounds = even; #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("-> %u * 2^%d\n", m2, e2 + 2); #endif // Step 2: Determine the interval of valid decimal representations. const uint32_t mv = 4 * m2; const uint32_t mp = 4 * m2 + 2; // Implicit bool -> int conversion. True is 1, false is 0. const uint32_t mmShift = ieeeMantissa != 0 || ieeeExponent <= 1; const uint32_t mm = 4 * m2 - 1 - mmShift; // Step 3: Convert to a decimal power base using 64-bit arithmetic. uint32_t vr, vp, vm; int32_t e10; bool vmIsTrailingZeros = false; bool vrIsTrailingZeros = false; uint8_t lastRemovedDigit = 0; if (e2 >= 0) { const uint32_t q = log10Pow2(e2); e10 = (int32_t) q; const int32_t k = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t) q) - 1; const int32_t i = -e2 + (int32_t) q + k; vr = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q, i); vp = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mp, q, i); vm = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mm, q, i); #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("%u * 2^%d / 10^%u\n", mv, e2, q); printf("V+=%u\nV =%u\nV-=%u\n", vp, vr, vm); #endif if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { // We need to know one removed digit even if we are not going to loop below. We could use // q = X - 1 above, except that would require 33 bits for the result, and we've found that // 32-bit arithmetic is faster even on 64-bit machines. const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t) (q - 1)) - 1; lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t) (mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t) q - 1 + l) % 10); } if (q <= 9) { // The largest power of 5 that fits in 24 bits is 5^10, but q <= 9 seems to be safe as well. // Only one of mp, mv, and mm can be a multiple of 5, if any. if (mv % 5 == 0) { vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mv, q); } else if (acceptBounds) { vmIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mm, q); } else { vp -= multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mp, q); } } } else { const uint32_t q = log10Pow5(-e2); e10 = (int32_t) q + e2; const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t) q; const int32_t k = pow5bits(i) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT; int32_t j = (int32_t) q - k; vr = mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t) i, j); vp = mulPow5divPow2(mp, (uint32_t) i, j); vm = mulPow5divPow2(mm, (uint32_t) i, j); #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("%u * 5^%d / 10^%u\n", mv, -e2, q); printf("%u %d %d %d\n", q, i, k, j); printf("V+=%u\nV =%u\nV-=%u\n", vp, vr, vm); #endif if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { j = (int32_t) q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT); lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t) (mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t) (i + 1), j) % 10); } if (q <= 1) { // {vr,vp,vm} is trailing zeros if {mv,mp,mm} has at least q trailing 0 bits. // mv = 4 * m2, so it always has at least two trailing 0 bits. vrIsTrailingZeros = true; if (acceptBounds) { // mm = mv - 1 - mmShift, so it has 1 trailing 0 bit iff mmShift == 1. vmIsTrailingZeros = mmShift == 1; } else { // mp = mv + 2, so it always has at least one trailing 0 bit. --vp; } } else if (q < 31) { // TODO(ulfjack): Use a tighter bound here. vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf2_32(mv, q - 1); #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("vr is trailing zeros=%s\n", vrIsTrailingZeros ? "true" : "false"); #endif } } #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("e10=%d\n", e10); printf("V+=%u\nV =%u\nV-=%u\n", vp, vr, vm); printf("vm is trailing zeros=%s\n", vmIsTrailingZeros ? "true" : "false"); printf("vr is trailing zeros=%s\n", vrIsTrailingZeros ? "true" : "false"); #endif // Step 4: Find the shortest decimal representation in the interval of valid representations. int32_t removed = 0; uint32_t output; if (vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros) { // General case, which happens rarely (~4.0%). while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { #ifdef __clang__ // https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=23106 // The compiler does not realize that vm % 10 can be computed from vm / 10 // as vm - (vm / 10) * 10. vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm - (vm / 10) * 10 == 0; #else vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm % 10 == 0; #endif vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t) (vr % 10); vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; ++removed; } #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("V+=%u\nV =%u\nV-=%u\n", vp, vr, vm); printf("d-10=%s\n", vmIsTrailingZeros ? "true" : "false"); #endif if (vmIsTrailingZeros) { while (vm % 10 == 0) { vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t) (vr % 10); vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; ++removed; } } #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("%u %d\n", vr, lastRemovedDigit); printf("vr is trailing zeros=%s\n", vrIsTrailingZeros ? "true" : "false"); #endif if (vrIsTrailingZeros && lastRemovedDigit == 5 && vr % 2 == 0) { // Round even if the exact number is .....50..0. lastRemovedDigit = 4; } // We need to take vr + 1 if vr is outside bounds or we need to round up. output = vr + ((vr == vm && (!acceptBounds || !vmIsTrailingZeros)) || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); } else { // Specialized for the common case (~96.0%). Percentages below are relative to this. // Loop iterations below (approximately): // 0: 13.6%, 1: 70.7%, 2: 14.1%, 3: 1.39%, 4: 0.14%, 5+: 0.01% while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t) (vr % 10); vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; ++removed; } #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("%u %d\n", vr, lastRemovedDigit); printf("vr is trailing zeros=%s\n", vrIsTrailingZeros ? "true" : "false"); #endif // We need to take vr + 1 if vr is outside bounds or we need to round up. output = vr + (vr == vm || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); } const int32_t exp = e10 + removed; #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("V+=%u\nV =%u\nV-=%u\n", vp, vr, vm); printf("O=%u\n", output); printf("EXP=%d\n", exp); #endif floating_decimal_32 fd; fd.exponent = exp; fd.mantissa = output; return fd; } static inline int to_chars(const floating_decimal_32 v, const bool sign, char* const result) { // Step 5: Print the decimal representation. int index = 0; if (sign) { result[index++] = '-'; } uint32_t output = v.mantissa; const uint32_t olength = decimalLength9(output); #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("DIGITS=%u\n", v.mantissa); printf("OLEN=%u\n", olength); printf("EXP=%u\n", v.exponent + olength); #endif // Print the decimal digits. // The following code is equivalent to: // for (uint32_t i = 0; i < olength - 1; ++i) { // const uint32_t c = output % 10; output /= 10; // result[index + olength - i] = (char) ('0' + c); // } // result[index] = '0' + output % 10; uint32_t i = 0; while (output >= 10000) { #ifdef __clang__ // https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=38217 const uint32_t c = output - 10000 * (output / 10000); #else const uint32_t c = output % 10000; #endif output /= 10000; const uint32_t c0 = (c % 100) << 1; const uint32_t c1 = (c / 100) << 1; memcpy(result + index + olength - i - 1, DIGIT_TABLE + c0, 2); memcpy(result + index + olength - i - 3, DIGIT_TABLE + c1, 2); i += 4; } if (output >= 100) { const uint32_t c = (output % 100) << 1; output /= 100; memcpy(result + index + olength - i - 1, DIGIT_TABLE + c, 2); i += 2; } if (output >= 10) { const uint32_t c = output << 1; // We can't use memcpy here: the decimal dot goes between these two digits. result[index + olength - i] = DIGIT_TABLE[c + 1]; result[index] = DIGIT_TABLE[c]; } else { result[index] = (char) ('0' + output); } // Print decimal point if needed. if (olength > 1) { result[index + 1] = '.'; index += olength + 1; } else { ++index; } // Print the exponent. result[index++] = 'E'; int32_t exp = v.exponent + (int32_t) olength - 1; if (exp < 0) { result[index++] = '-'; exp = -exp; } if (exp >= 10) { memcpy(result + index, DIGIT_TABLE + 2 * exp, 2); index += 2; } else { result[index++] = (char) ('0' + exp); } return index; } int f2s_buffered_n(float f, char* result) { // Step 1: Decode the floating-point number, and unify normalized and subnormal cases. const uint32_t bits = float_to_bits(f); #ifdef RYU_DEBUG printf("IN="); for (int32_t bit = 31; bit >= 0; --bit) { printf("%u", (bits >> bit) & 1); } printf("\n"); #endif // Decode bits into sign, mantissa, and exponent. const bool ieeeSign = ((bits >> (FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS + FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS)) & 1) != 0; const uint32_t ieeeMantissa = bits & ((1u << FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) - 1); const uint32_t ieeeExponent = (bits >> FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) & ((1u << FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS) - 1); // Case distinction; exit early for the easy cases. if (ieeeExponent == ((1u << FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS) - 1u) || (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0)) { return copy_special_str(result, ieeeSign, ieeeExponent, ieeeMantissa); } const floating_decimal_32 v = f2d(ieeeMantissa, ieeeExponent); return to_chars(v, ieeeSign, result); } void f2s_buffered(float f, char* result) { const int index = f2s_buffered_n(f, result); // Terminate the string. result[index] = '\0'; } char* f2s(float f) { char* const result = (char*) malloc(16); f2s_buffered(f, result); return result; } --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/ryu && cat common.h f2s_intrinsics.h digit_table.h"}

// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams // // The contents of this file may be used under the terms of the Apache License, // Version 2.0. // // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Apache or copy at // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0) // // Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of // the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Boost or copy at // https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, this software // is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY // KIND, either express or implied. #ifndef RYU_COMMON_H #define RYU_COMMON_H #include <assert.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <string.h> #if defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_ARM) #define RYU_32_BIT_PLATFORM #endif // Returns the number of decimal digits in v, which must not contain more than 9 digits. static inline uint32_t decimalLength9(const uint32_t v) { // Function precondition: v is not a 10-digit number. // (f2s: 9 digits are sufficient for round-tripping.) // (d2fixed: We print 9-digit blocks.) assert(v < 1000000000); if (v >= 100000000) { return 9; } if (v >= 10000000) { return 8; } if (v >= 1000000) { return 7; } if (v >= 100000) { return 6; } if (v >= 10000) { return 5; } if (v >= 1000) { return 4; } if (v >= 100) { return 3; } if (v >= 10) { return 2; } return 1; } // Returns e == 0 ? 1 : [log_2(5^e)]; requires 0 <= e <= 3528. static inline int32_t log2pow5(const int32_t e) { // This approximation works up to the point that the multiplication overflows at e = 3529. // If the multiplication were done in 64 bits, it would fail at 5^4004 which is just greater // than 2^9297. assert(e >= 0); assert(e <= 3528); return (int32_t) ((((uint32_t) e) * 1217359) >> 19); } // Returns e == 0 ? 1 : ceil(log_2(5^e)); requires 0 <= e <= 3528. static inline int32_t pow5bits(const int32_t e) { // This approximation works up to the point that the multiplication overflows at e = 3529. // If the multiplication were done in 64 bits, it would fail at 5^4004 which is just greater // than 2^9297. assert(e >= 0); assert(e <= 3528); return (int32_t) (((((uint32_t) e) * 1217359) >> 19) + 1); } // Returns e == 0 ? 1 : ceil(log_2(5^e)); requires 0 <= e <= 3528. static inline int32_t ceil_log2pow5(const int32_t e) { return log2pow5(e) + 1; } // Returns floor(log_10(2^e)); requires 0 <= e <= 1650. static inline uint32_t log10Pow2(const int32_t e) { // The first value this approximation fails for is 2^1651 which is just greater than 10^297. assert(e >= 0); assert(e <= 1650); return (((uint32_t) e) * 78913) >> 18; } // Returns floor(log_10(5^e)); requires 0 <= e <= 2620. static inline uint32_t log10Pow5(const int32_t e) { // The first value this approximation fails for is 5^2621 which is just greater than 10^1832. assert(e >= 0); assert(e <= 2620); return (((uint32_t) e) * 732923) >> 20; } static inline int copy_special_str(char * const result, const bool sign, const bool exponent, const bool mantissa) { if (mantissa) { memcpy(result, "NaN", 3); return 3; } if (sign) { result[0] = '-'; } if (exponent) { memcpy(result + sign, "Infinity", 8); return sign + 8; } memcpy(result + sign, "0E0", 3); return sign + 3; } static inline uint32_t float_to_bits(const float f) { uint32_t bits = 0; memcpy(&bits, &f, sizeof(float)); return bits; } static inline uint64_t double_to_bits(const double d) { uint64_t bits = 0; memcpy(&bits, &d, sizeof(double)); return bits; } #endif // RYU_COMMON_H // Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams // // The contents of this file may be used under the terms of the Apache License, // Version 2.0. // // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Apache or copy at // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0) // // Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of // the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Boost or copy at // https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, this software // is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY // KIND, either express or implied. #ifndef RYU_F2S_INTRINSICS_H #define RYU_F2S_INTRINSICS_H // Defines RYU_32_BIT_PLATFORM if applicable. #include "ryu/common.h" #if defined(RYU_FLOAT_FULL_TABLE) #include "ryu/f2s_full_table.h" #else #if defined(RYU_OPTIMIZE_SIZE) #include "ryu/d2s_small_table.h" #else #include "ryu/d2s_full_table.h" #endif #define FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT (DOUBLE_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT - 64) #define FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT (DOUBLE_POW5_BITCOUNT - 64) #endif static inline uint32_t pow5factor_32(uint32_t value) { uint32_t count = 0; for (;;) { assert(value != 0); const uint32_t q = value / 5; const uint32_t r = value % 5; if (r != 0) { break; } value = q; ++count; } return count; } // Returns true if value is divisible by 5^p. static inline bool multipleOfPowerOf5_32(const uint32_t value, const uint32_t p) { return pow5factor_32(value) >= p; } // Returns true if value is divisible by 2^p. static inline bool multipleOfPowerOf2_32(const uint32_t value, const uint32_t p) { // __builtin_ctz doesn't appear to be faster here. return (value & ((1u << p) - 1)) == 0; } // It seems to be slightly faster to avoid uint128_t here, although the // generated code for uint128_t looks slightly nicer. static inline uint32_t mulShift32(const uint32_t m, const uint64_t factor, const int32_t shift) { assert(shift > 32); // The casts here help MSVC to avoid calls to the __allmul library // function. const uint32_t factorLo = (uint32_t)(factor); const uint32_t factorHi = (uint32_t)(factor >> 32); const uint64_t bits0 = (uint64_t)m * factorLo; const uint64_t bits1 = (uint64_t)m * factorHi; #if defined(RYU_32_BIT_PLATFORM) // On 32-bit platforms we can avoid a 64-bit shift-right since we only // need the upper 32 bits of the result and the shift value is > 32. const uint32_t bits0Hi = (uint32_t)(bits0 >> 32); uint32_t bits1Lo = (uint32_t)(bits1); uint32_t bits1Hi = (uint32_t)(bits1 >> 32); bits1Lo += bits0Hi; bits1Hi += (bits1Lo < bits0Hi); if (shift >= 64) { // s2f can call this with a shift value >= 64, which we have to handle. // This could now be slower than the !defined(RYU_32_BIT_PLATFORM) case. return (uint32_t)(bits1Hi >> (shift - 64)); } else { const int32_t s = shift - 32; return (bits1Hi << (32 - s)) | (bits1Lo >> s); } #else // RYU_32_BIT_PLATFORM const uint64_t sum = (bits0 >> 32) + bits1; const uint64_t shiftedSum = sum >> (shift - 32); assert(shiftedSum <= UINT32_MAX); return (uint32_t) shiftedSum; #endif // RYU_32_BIT_PLATFORM } static inline uint32_t mulPow5InvDivPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t q, const int32_t j) { #if defined(RYU_FLOAT_FULL_TABLE) return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT[q], j); #elif defined(RYU_OPTIMIZE_SIZE) // The inverse multipliers are defined as [2^x / 5^y] + 1; the upper 64 bits from the double lookup // table are the correct bits for [2^x / 5^y], so we have to add 1 here. Note that we rely on the // fact that the added 1 that's already stored in the table never overflows into the upper 64 bits. uint64_t pow5[2]; double_computeInvPow5(q, pow5); return mulShift32(m, pow5[1] + 1, j); #else return mulShift32(m, DOUBLE_POW5_INV_SPLIT[q][1] + 1, j); #endif } static inline uint32_t mulPow5divPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t i, const int32_t j) { #if defined(RYU_FLOAT_FULL_TABLE) return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_SPLIT[i], j); #elif defined(RYU_OPTIMIZE_SIZE) uint64_t pow5[2]; double_computePow5(i, pow5); return mulShift32(m, pow5[1], j); #else return mulShift32(m, DOUBLE_POW5_SPLIT[i][1], j); #endif } #endif // RYU_F2S_INTRINSICS_H // Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams // // The contents of this file may be used under the terms of the Apache License, // Version 2.0. // // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Apache or copy at // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0) // // Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of // the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Boost or copy at // https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, this software // is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY // KIND, either express or implied. #ifndef RYU_DIGIT_TABLE_H #define RYU_DIGIT_TABLE_H // A table of all two-digit numbers. This is used to speed up decimal digit // generation by copying pairs of digits into the final output. static const char DIGIT_TABLE[200] = { '0','0','0','1','0','2','0','3','0','4','0','5','0','6','0','7','0','8','0','9', '1','0','1','1','1','2','1','3','1','4','1','5','1','6','1','7','1','8','1','9', '2','0','2','1','2','2','2','3','2','4','2','5','2','6','2','7','2','8','2','9', '3','0','3','1','3','2','3','3','3','4','3','5','3','6','3','7','3','8','3','9', '4','0','4','1','4','2','4','3','4','4','4','5','4','6','4','7','4','8','4','9', '5','0','5','1','5','2','5','3','5','4','5','5','5','6','5','7','5','8','5','9', '6','0','6','1','6','2','6','3','6','4','6','5','6','6','6','7','6','8','6','9', '7','0','7','1','7','2','7','3','7','4','7','5','7','6','7','7','7','8','7','9', '8','0','8','1','8','2','8','3','8','4','8','5','8','6','8','7','8','8','8','9', '9','0','9','1','9','2','9','3','9','4','9','5','9','6','9','7','9','8','9','9' }; #endif // RYU_DIGIT_TABLE_H --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/ryu && curl -fsSL \"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ulfjack/ryu/master/ryu/d2s_full_table.h\" -o d2s_full_table.h && wc -l d2s_full_table.h && head -40 d2s_full_table.h"}

367 d2s_full_table.h // Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams // // The contents of this file may be used under the terms of the Apache License, // Version 2.0. // // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Apache or copy at // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0) // // Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of // the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. // (See accompanying file LICENSE-Boost or copy at // https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, this software // is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY // KIND, either express or implied. #ifndef RYU_D2S_FULL_TABLE_H #define RYU_D2S_FULL_TABLE_H // These tables are generated by PrintDoubleLookupTable. #define DOUBLE_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT 125 #define DOUBLE_POW5_BITCOUNT 125 #define DOUBLE_POW5_INV_TABLE_SIZE 342 #define DOUBLE_POW5_TABLE_SIZE 326 static const uint64_t DOUBLE_POW5_INV_SPLIT[DOUBLE_POW5_INV_TABLE_SIZE][2] = { { 1u, 2305843009213693952u }, { 11068046444225730970u, 1844674407370955161u }, { 5165088340638674453u, 1475739525896764129u }, { 7821419487252849886u, 1180591620717411303u }, { 8824922364862649494u, 1888946593147858085u }, { 7059937891890119595u, 1511157274518286468u }, { 13026647942995916322u, 1208925819614629174u }, { 9774590264567735146u, 1934281311383406679u }, { 11509021026396098440u, 1547425049106725343u }, { 16585914450600699399u, 1237940039285380274u }, { 15469416676735388068u, 1980704062856608439u }, { 16064882156130220778u, 1584563250285286751u }, { 9162556910162266299u, 1267650600228229401u }, { 7281393426775805432u, 2028240960365167042u }, { 16893161185646375315u, 1622592768292133633u }, { 2446482504291369283u, 1298074214633706907u }, { 7603720821608101175u, 2076918743413931051u }, { 2393627842544570617u, 1661534994731144841u }, { 16672297533003297786u, 1329227995784915872u }, { 11918280793837635165u, 2126764793255865396u }, { 5845275820328197809u, 1701411834604692317u }, { 15744267100488289217u, 1361129467683753853u }, { 3054734472329800808u, 2177807148294006166u }, { 17201182836831481939u, 1742245718635204932u }, { 6382248639981364905u, 1393796574908163946u }, { 2832900194486363201u, 2230074519853062314u }, --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/ryu && sed -n '1,400p' d2s_full_table.h | tail -20"}

{ 12623618533845856310u, 1155324400553490928u }, { 15779523167307320387u, 1444155500691863660u }, { 1277659885424598868u, 1805194375864829576u }, { 1597074856780748586u, 2256492969831036970u }, { 5609857803915355770u, 1410308106144398106u }, { 16235694291748970521u, 1762885132680497632u }, { 1847873790976661535u, 2203606415850622041u }, { 12684136165428883219u, 1377254009906638775u }, { 11243484188358716120u, 1721567512383298469u }, { 219297180166231438u, 2151959390479123087u }, { 7054589765244976505u, 1344974619049451929u }, { 13429923224983608535u, 1681218273811814911u }, { 12175718012802122765u, 2101522842264768639u }, { 14527352785642408584u, 1313451776415480399u }, { 13547504963625622826u, 1641814720519350499u }, { 12322695186104640628u, 2052268400649188124u }, { 16925056528170176201u, 1282667750405742577u }, { 7321262604930556539u, 1603334688007178222u }, { 18374950293017971482u, 2004168360008972777u }, { 4566814905495150320u, 1252605225005607986u }, { 14931890668723713708u, 1565756531257009982u }, { 9441491299049866327u, 1957195664071262478u }, { 1289246043478778550u, 1223247290044539049u }, { 6223243572775861092u, 1529059112555673811u }, { 3167368447542438461u, 1911323890694592264u }, { 1979605279714024038u, 1194577431684120165u }, { 7086192618069917952u, 1493221789605150206u }, { 18081112809442173248u, 1866527237006437757u }, { 13606538515115052232u, 1166579523129023598u }, { 7784801107039039482u, 1458224403911279498u }, { 507629346944023544u, 1822780504889099373u }, { 5246222702107417334u, 2278475631111374216u }, { 3278889188817135834u, 1424047269444608885u }, { 8710297504448807696u, 1780059086805761106u } }; #endif // RYU_D2S_FULL_TABLE_H --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/ryu && python3 -c \"\nimport re\ns = open('d2s_full_table.h').read()\ni = s.find('DOUBLE_POW5_INV_SPLIT')\nj = s.find('};', i)\nprint(s[i:j+2][:200])\nprint('---')\ni2 = s.find('DOUBLE_POW5_SPLIT[DOUBLE_POW5_TABLE_SIZE]')\nj2 = s.find('};', i2)\nprint(s[i2:j2+2][:200])\n\"\n"}

DOUBLE_POW5_INV_SPLIT[DOUBLE_POW5_INV_TABLE_SIZE][2] = { { 1u, 2305843009213693952u }, { 11068046444225730970u, 1844674407370955161u }, { 5165088340638674453u, 1475739525896764 --- DOUBLE_POW5_SPLIT[DOUBLE_POW5_TABLE_SIZE][2] = { { 0u, 1152921504606846976u }, { 0u, 1441151880758558720u }, { 0u, 1801439850948198400u }, --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/ryu && python3 -c \"\nimport re\ns = open('d2s_full_table.h').read()\ndef extract_col1(name):\n i = s.find(name)\n j = s.find('};', i)\n body = s[i:j]\n # find all pairs {a, b}\n pairs = re.findall(r'\\{\\s*(\\d+)u\\s*,\\s*(\\d+)u\\s*\\}', body)\n return [b for a,b in pairs]\n\ninv = extract_col1('DOUBLE_POW5_INV_SPLIT[DOUBLE_POW5_INV_TABLE_SIZE][2]')\npw = extract_col1('DOUBLE_POW5_SPLIT[DOUBLE_POW5_TABLE_SIZE][2]')\nprint(len(inv), len(pw))\nwith open('pow5_col1.txt','w') as f:\n f.write('INV ' + str(len(inv)) + '\\n')\n f.write(' '.join(inv) + '\\n')\n f.write('POW ' + str(len(pw)) + '\\n')\n f.write(' '.join(pw) + '\\n')\n\"\nhead -c 300 pow5_col1.txt"}

342 326 INV 342 2305843009213693952 1844674407370955161 1475739525896764129 1180591620717411303 1888946593147858085 1511157274518286468 1208925819614629174 1934281311383406679 1547425049106725343 1237940039285380274 1980704062856608439 1584563250285286751 1267650600228229401 2028240960365167042 162259276829 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/ryu && python3 -c \"\ninv = open('pow5_col1.txt').read().split('\\n')[1].split()\npw = open('pow5_col1.txt').read().split('\\n')[3].split()\ndef fmt(lst, name, typ='uint64_t'):\n lines = []\n lines.append(f'static const {typ} {name}[{len(lst)}] = {{')\n for i in range(0, len(lst), 4):\n chunk = lst[i:i+4]\n lines.append(' ' + ', '.join(x+'ULL' for x in chunk) + ',')\n lines.append('};')\n return '\\n'.join(lines)\nwith open('pow5_tables.h','w') as f:\n f.write('#ifndef POW5_TABLES_H\\n#define POW5_TABLES_H\\n#include <stdint.h>\\n\\n')\n f.write(fmt(inv, 'FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT_HI'))\n f.write('\\n\\n')\n f.write(fmt(pw, 'FLOAT_POW5_SPLIT_HI'))\n f.write('\\n\\n#endif\\n')\n\"\nwc -l pow5_tables.h\nhead -20 pow5_tables.h"}

179 pow5_tables.h #ifndef POW5_TABLES_H #define POW5_TABLES_H #include <stdint.h> static const uint64_t FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT_HI[342] = { 2305843009213693952ULL, 1844674407370955161ULL, 1475739525896764129ULL, 1180591620717411303ULL, 1888946593147858085ULL, 1511157274518286468ULL, 1208925819614629174ULL, 1934281311383406679ULL, 1547425049106725343ULL, 1237940039285380274ULL, 1980704062856608439ULL, 1584563250285286751ULL, 1267650600228229401ULL, 2028240960365167042ULL, 1622592768292133633ULL, 1298074214633706907ULL, 2076918743413931051ULL, 1661534994731144841ULL, 1329227995784915872ULL, 2126764793255865396ULL, 1701411834604692317ULL, 1361129467683753853ULL, 2177807148294006166ULL, 1742245718635204932ULL, 1393796574908163946ULL, 2230074519853062314ULL, 1784059615882449851ULL, 1427247692705959881ULL, 2283596308329535809ULL, 1826877046663628647ULL, 1461501637330902918ULL, 1169201309864722334ULL, 1870722095783555735ULL, 1496577676626844588ULL, 1197262141301475670ULL, 1915619426082361072ULL, 1532495540865888858ULL, 1225996432692711086ULL, 1961594292308337738ULL, 1569275433846670190ULL, 1255420347077336152ULL, 2008672555323737844ULL, 1606938044258990275ULL, 1285550435407192220ULL, 2056880696651507552ULL, 1645504557321206042ULL, 1316403645856964833ULL, 2106245833371143733ULL, 1684996666696914987ULL, 1347997333357531989ULL, 2156795733372051183ULL, 1725436586697640946ULL, 1380349269358112757ULL, 2208558830972980411ULL, 1766847064778384329ULL, 1413477651822707463ULL, 2261564242916331941ULL, 1809251394333065553ULL, 1447401115466452442ULL, 1157920892373161954ULL, --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cat /tmp/ryu/pow5_tables.h | tail -100"}

1885017876581387765ULL, 1508014301265110212ULL, 1206411441012088169ULL, 1930258305619341071ULL, 1544206644495472857ULL, 1235365315596378285ULL, 1976584504954205257ULL, 1581267603963364205ULL, 1265014083170691364ULL, 2024022533073106183ULL, 1619218026458484946ULL, 1295374421166787957ULL, 2072599073866860731ULL, 1658079259093488585ULL, 1326463407274790868ULL, 2122341451639665389ULL, 1697873161311732311ULL, 1358298529049385849ULL, 2173277646479017358ULL, 1738622117183213887ULL, 1390897693746571109ULL, 2225436309994513775ULL, 1780349047995611020ULL, 1424279238396488816ULL, 2278846781434382106ULL, 1823077425147505684ULL, 1458461940118004547ULL, 1166769552094403638ULL, 1866831283351045821ULL, 1493465026680836657ULL, 1194772021344669325ULL, 1911635234151470921ULL, 1529308187321176736ULL, 1223446549856941389ULL, 1957514479771106223ULL, 1566011583816884978ULL, 1252809267053507982ULL, 2004494827285612772ULL, 1603595861828490217ULL, 1282876689462792174ULL, 2052602703140467478ULL, 1642082162512373983ULL, 1313665730009899186ULL, 2101865168015838698ULL, 1681492134412670958ULL, 1345193707530136767ULL, }; static const uint64_t FLOAT_POW5_SPLIT_HI[326] = { 1152921504606846976ULL, 1441151880758558720ULL, 1801439850948198400ULL, 2251799813685248000ULL, 1407374883553280000ULL, 1759218604441600000ULL, 2199023255552000000ULL, 1374389534720000000ULL, 1717986918400000000ULL, 2147483648000000000ULL, 1342177280000000000ULL, 1677721600000000000ULL, 2097152000000000000ULL, 1310720000000000000ULL, 1638400000000000000ULL, 2048000000000000000ULL, 1280000000000000000ULL, 1600000000000000000ULL, 2000000000000000000ULL, 1250000000000000000ULL, 1562500000000000000ULL, 1953125000000000000ULL, 1220703125000000000ULL, 1525878906250000000ULL, 1907348632812500000ULL, 1192092895507812500ULL, 1490116119384765625ULL, 1862645149230957031ULL, 1164153218269348144ULL, 1455191522836685180ULL, 1818989403545856475ULL, 2273736754432320594ULL, 1421085471520200371ULL, 1776356839400250464ULL, 2220446049250313080ULL, 1387778780781445675ULL, 1734723475976807094ULL, 2168404344971008868ULL, 1355252715606880542ULL, 1694065894508600678ULL, 2117582368135750847ULL, 1323488980084844279ULL, 1654361225106055349ULL, 2067951531382569187ULL, 1292469707114105741ULL, 1615587133892632177ULL, 2019483917365790221ULL, 1262177448353618888ULL, 1577721810442023610ULL, 1972152263052529513ULL, 1232595164407830945ULL, 1540743955509788682ULL, 1925929944387235853ULL, 1203706215242022408ULL, 1504632769052528010ULL, 1880790961315660012ULL, 1175494350822287507ULL, 1469367938527859384ULL, 1836709923159824231ULL, 2295887403949780289ULL, 1434929627468612680ULL, 1793662034335765850ULL, 2242077542919707313ULL, 1401298464324817070ULL, 1751623080406021338ULL, 2189528850507526673ULL, 1368455531567204170ULL, 1710569414459005213ULL, 2138211768073756516ULL, 1336382355046097823ULL, 1670477943807622278ULL, 2088097429759527848ULL, 1305060893599704905ULL, 1631326116999631131ULL, 2039157646249538914ULL, 1274473528905961821ULL, 1593091911132452277ULL, 1991364888915565346ULL, 1244603055572228341ULL, 1555753819465285426ULL, 1944692274331606783ULL, 1215432671457254239ULL, 1519290839321567799ULL, 1899113549151959749ULL, 1186945968219974843ULL, 1483682460274968554ULL, 1854603075343710692ULL, 1159126922089819183ULL, 1448908652612273978ULL, 1811135815765342473ULL, 2263919769706678091ULL, 1414949856066673807ULL, 1768687320083342259ULL, 2210859150104177824ULL, 1381786968815111140ULL, 1727233711018888925ULL, 2159042138773611156ULL, 1349401336733506972ULL, 1686751670916883715ULL, 2108439588646104644ULL, 1317774742903815403ULL, 1647218428629769253ULL, 2059023035787211567ULL, 1286889397367007229ULL, 1608611746708759036ULL, 2010764683385948796ULL, 1256727927116217997ULL, 1570909908895272496ULL, 1963637386119090621ULL, 1227273366324431638ULL, 1534091707905539547ULL, 1917614634881924434ULL, 1198509146801202771ULL, 1498136433501503464ULL, 1872670541876879330ULL, 1170419088673049581ULL, 1463023860841311977ULL, 1828779826051639971ULL, 2285974782564549964ULL, 1428734239102843727ULL, 1785917798878554659ULL, 2232397248598193324ULL, 1395248280373870827ULL, 1744060350467338534ULL, 2180075438084173168ULL, 1362547148802608230ULL, 1703183936003260287ULL, 2128979920004075359ULL, 1330612450002547099ULL, 1663265562503183874ULL, 2079081953128979843ULL, 1299426220705612402ULL, 1624282775882015502ULL, 2030353469852519378ULL, 1268970918657824611ULL, 1586213648322280764ULL, 1982767060402850955ULL, 1239229412751781847ULL, 1549036765939727309ULL, 1936295957424659136ULL, 1210184973390411960ULL, 1512731216738014950ULL, 1890914020922518687ULL, 1181821263076574179ULL, 1477276578845717724ULL, 1846595723557147156ULL, 1154122327223216972ULL, 1442652909029021215ULL, 1803316136286276519ULL, 2254145170357845649ULL, 1408840731473653530ULL, 1761050914342066913ULL, 2201313642927583642ULL, 1375821026829739776ULL, 1719776283537174720ULL, 2149720354421468400ULL, 1343575221513417750ULL, 1679469026891772187ULL, 2099336283614715234ULL, 1312085177259197021ULL, 1640106471573996277ULL, 2050133089467495346ULL, 1281333180917184591ULL, 1601666476146480739ULL, 2002083095183100924ULL, 1251301934489438077ULL, 1564127418111797597ULL, 1955159272639746996ULL, 1221974545399841872ULL, 1527468181749802341ULL, 1909335227187252926ULL, 1193334516992033078ULL, 1491668146240041348ULL, 1864585182800051685ULL, 1165365739250032303ULL, 1456707174062540379ULL, 1820883967578175474ULL, 2276104959472719343ULL, 1422565599670449589ULL, 1778206999588061986ULL, 2222758749485077483ULL, 1389224218428173427ULL, 1736530273035216783ULL, 2170662841294020979ULL, 1356664275808763112ULL, 1695830344760953890ULL, 2119787930951192363ULL, 1324867456844495227ULL, 1656084321055619033ULL, 2070105401319523792ULL, 1293815875824702370ULL, 1617269844780877962ULL, 2021587305976097453ULL, 1263492066235060908ULL, 1579365082793826135ULL, 1974206353492282669ULL, 1233878970932676668ULL, 1542348713665845835ULL, 1927935892082307294ULL, 1204959932551442058ULL, 1506199915689302573ULL, 1882749894611628216ULL, 1176718684132267635ULL, 1470898355165334544ULL, 1838622943956668180ULL, 2298278679945835225ULL, 1436424174966147016ULL, 1795530218707683770ULL, 2244412773384604712ULL, 1402757983365377945ULL, 1753447479206722431ULL, 2191809349008403039ULL, 1369880843130251899ULL, 1712351053912814874ULL, 2140438817391018593ULL, 1337774260869386620ULL, 1672217826086733276ULL, 2090272282608416595ULL, 1306420176630260372ULL, 1633025220787825465ULL, 2041281525984781831ULL, 1275800953740488644ULL, 1594751192175610805ULL, 1993438990219513507ULL, 1245899368887195941ULL, 1557374211108994927ULL, 1946717763886243659ULL, 1216698602428902287ULL, 1520873253036127858ULL, 1901091566295159823ULL, 1188182228934474889ULL, 1485227786168093612ULL, 1856534732710117015ULL, 1160334207943823134ULL, 1450417759929778918ULL, 1813022199912223647ULL, 2266277749890279559ULL, 1416423593681424724ULL, 1770529492101780905ULL, 2213161865127226132ULL, 1383226165704516332ULL, 1729032707130645415ULL, 2161290883913306769ULL, 1350806802445816731ULL, 1688508503057270913ULL, 2110635628821588642ULL, 1319147268013492901ULL, 1648934085016866126ULL, 2061167606271082658ULL, 1288229753919426661ULL, 1610287192399283327ULL, 2012858990499104158ULL, 1258036869061940099ULL, 1572546086327425124ULL, 1965682607909281405ULL, 1228551629943300878ULL, 1535689537429126097ULL, 1919611921786407622ULL, 1199757451116504763ULL, 1499696813895630954ULL, 1874621017369538693ULL, 1171638135855961683ULL, 1464547669819952104ULL, 1830684587274940130ULL, 2288355734093675162ULL, 1430222333808546976ULL, 1787777917260683721ULL, 2234722396575854651ULL, 1396701497859909157ULL, 1745876872324886446ULL, 2182346090406108057ULL, 1363966306503817536ULL, 1704957883129771920ULL, 2131197353912214900ULL, 1331998346195134312ULL, 1664997932743917890ULL, 2081247415929897363ULL, 1300779634956185852ULL, 1625974543695232315ULL, 2032468179619040394ULL, 1270292612261900246ULL, 1587865765327375307ULL, 1984832206659219134ULL, 1240520129162011959ULL, 1550650161452514949ULL, 1938312701815643686ULL, 1211445438634777304ULL, 1514306798293471630ULL, 1892883497866839537ULL, 1183052186166774710ULL, 1478815232708468388ULL, 1848519040885585485ULL, 1155324400553490928ULL, 1444155500691863660ULL, 1805194375864829576ULL, 2256492969831036970ULL, 1410308106144398106ULL, 1762885132680497632ULL, 2203606415850622041ULL, 1377254009906638775ULL, 1721567512383298469ULL, 2151959390479123087ULL, 1344974619049451929ULL, 1681218273811814911ULL, 2101522842264768639ULL, 1313451776415480399ULL, 1641814720519350499ULL, 2052268400649188124ULL, 1282667750405742577ULL, 1603334688007178222ULL, 2004168360008972777ULL, 1252605225005607986ULL, 1565756531257009982ULL, 1957195664071262478ULL, 1223247290044539049ULL, 1529059112555673811ULL, 1911323890694592264ULL, 1194577431684120165ULL, 1493221789605150206ULL, 1866527237006437757ULL, 1166579523129023598ULL, 1458224403911279498ULL, 1822780504889099373ULL, 2278475631111374216ULL, 1424047269444608885ULL, 1780059086805761106ULL, }; #endif --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cp /tmp/ryu/pow5_tables.h /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/pow5_tables.h\nls /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/"}

pow5_tables.h solve.c --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "sed -n '1,5p' /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/pow5_tables.h"}

#ifndef POW5_TABLES_H #define POW5_TABLES_H #include <stdint.h> static const uint64_t FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT_HI[342] = { --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "content": "// solve.c \u2014 fast shortest round-trip float printing (Ryu-style algorithm).\n//\n// Based on the public-domain-equivalent (Apache-2.0 / Boost) Ryu algorithm by\n// Ulf Adams (https://github.com/ulfjack/ryu), adapted into a single\n// self-contained file, with output formatting rewritten to match this task's\n// required grammar (lowercase 'e', no leading '+' on the exponent).\n//\n// Algorithm summary: decode the float into mantissa*2^exp2, compute the\n// interval of decimal values that round to the same float, and find the\n// shortest decimal mantissa within that interval using fixed-point\n// multiplication by precomputed powers of 5 (avoiding any big-int/loop\n// search over precisions like the naive snprintf approach).\n\n#include <stdint.h>\n#include <stddef.h>\n#include <stdbool.h>\n#include <string.h>\n#include <math.h>\n\n#include \"pow5_tables.h\"\n\n#define FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS 23\n#define FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS 8\n#define FLOAT_BIAS 127\n#define FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT (125 - 64)\n#define FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT (125 - 64)\n\nstatic const char DIGIT_TABLE[200] = {\n '0','0','0','1','0','2','0','3','0','4','0','5','0','6','0','7','0','8','0','9',\n '1','0','1','1','1','2','1','3','1','4','1','5','1','6','1','7','1','8','1','9',\n '2','0','2','1','2','2','2','3','2','4','2','5','2','6','2','7','2','8','2','9',\n '3','0','3','1','3','2','3','3','3','4','3','5','3','6','3','7','3','8','3','9',\n '4','0','4','1','4','2','4','3','4','4','4','5','4','6','4','7','4','8','4','9',\n '5','0','5','1','5','2','5','3','5','4','5','5','5','6','5','7','5','8','5','9',\n '6','0','6','1','6','2','6','3','6','4','6','5','6','6','6','7','6','8','6','9',\n '7','0','7','1','7','2','7','3','7','4','7','5','7','6','7','7','7','8','7','9',\n '8','0','8','1','8','2','8','3','8','4','8','5','8','6','8','7','8','8','8','9',\n '9','0','9','1','9','2','9','3','9','4','9','5','9','6','9','7','9','8','9','9'\n};\n\nstatic inline uint32_t decimalLength9(const uint32_t v) {\n if (v >= 100000000u) return 9;\n if (v >= 10000000u) return 8;\n if (v >= 1000000u) return 7;\n if (v >= 100000u) return 6;\n if (v >= 10000u) return 5;\n if (v >= 1000u) return 4;\n if (v >= 100u) return 3;\n if (v >= 10u) return 2;\n return 1;\n}\n\nstatic inline int32_t log2pow5(const int32_t e) {\n return (int32_t)((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19);\n}\nstatic inline int32_t pow5bits(const int32_t e) {\n return (int32_t)(((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19) + 1);\n}\nstatic inline uint32_t log10Pow2(const int32_t e) {\n return (((uint32_t)e) * 78913u) >> 18;\n}\nstatic inline uint32_t log10Pow5(const int32_t e) {\n return (((uint32_t)e) * 732923u) >> 20;\n}\n\nstatic inline uint32_t pow5factor_32(uint32_t value) {\n uint32_t count = 0;\n for (;;) {\n uint32_t q = value / 5;\n uint32_t r = value % 5;\n if (r != 0) break;\n value = q;\n ++count;\n }\n return count;\n}\nstatic inline bool multipleOfPowerOf5_32(const uint32_t value, const uint32_t p) {\n return pow5factor_32(value) >= p;\n}\nstatic inline bool multipleOfPowerOf2_32(const uint32_t value, const uint32_t p) {\n return (value & ((1u << p) - 1)) == 0;\n}\n\nstatic inline uint32_t mulShift32(const uint32_t m, const uint64_t factor, const int32_t shift) {\n const uint32_t factorLo = (uint32_t)factor;\n const uint32_t factorHi = (uint32_t)(factor >> 32);\n const uint64_t bits0 = (uint64_t)m * factorLo;\n const uint64_t bits1 = (uint64_t)m * factorHi;\n const uint64_t sum = (bits0 >> 32) + bits1;\n const uint64_t shiftedSum = sum >> (shift - 32);\n return (uint32_t)shiftedSum;\n}\n\nstatic inline uint32_t mulPow5InvDivPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t q, const int32_t j) {\n return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT_HI[q] + 1, j);\n}\nstatic inline uint32_t mulPow5divPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t i, const int32_t j) {\n re ... [7243 characters truncated for page size]

Updated /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c (321 lines): 1- // solve.c — the given implementation of float_print. 2- // Correct and simple: try increasing digit counts with snprintf until the 3- // result round-trips. This is what a careful programmer writes first, and 4- // it is slow. Make it faster. See ../spec.md. Grade with ../grade. 5- #include <stdio.h> 6- #include <stdlib.h> 1+ // solve.c — fast shortest round-trip float printing (Ryu-style algorithm). 2+ // 3+ // Based on the public-domain-equivalent (Apache-2.0 / Boost) Ryu algorithm by 4+ // Ulf Adams (https://github.com/ulfjack/ryu), adapted into a single 5+ // self-contained file, with output formatting rewritten to match this task's 6+ // required grammar (lowercase 'e', no leading '+' on the exponent). 7+ // 8+ // Algorithm summary: decode the float into mantissa*2^exp2, compute the 9+ // interval of decimal values that round to the same float, and find the 10+ // shortest decimal mantissa within that interval using fixed-point 11+ // multiplication by precomputed powers of 5 (avoiding any big-int/loop 12+ // search over precisions like the naive snprintf approach). 14+ #include <stdint.h> 15+ #include <stddef.h> ...

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "old_string": " // Mimic %g's choice of notation: scientific if E < -4 or E >= olength.\n if (E < -4 || (uint32_t)(E < 0 ? -1 : E) >= olength) {\n // Fallback check handled properly below with signed compare.\n }\n bool use_sci = (E < -4) || (E >= (int32_t)olength);", "new_string": " // Mimic %g's choice of notation: scientific if E < -4 or E >= olength.\n bool use_sci = (E < -4) || (E >= (int32_t)olength);"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 246- if (E < -4 || (uint32_t)(E < 0 ? -1 : E) >= olength) { 247- // Fallback check handled properly below with signed compare. 248- } Context after edit (lines 242-249): 242│ char dig[9]; 243│ write_digits(output, olength, dig); 244│ 245│ // Mimic %g's choice of notation: scientific if E < -4 or E >= olength. 246│ bool use_sci = (E < -4) || (E >= (int32_t)olength); 247│ 248│ size_t n = 0; 249│ if (!use_sci) {

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && rm -rf .build && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -60"}

build 1.3s verify 6.2s PASS measure 12.1s 73,114,438 instructions (given: 4,482,383,223) SCORE +5.9380 (61.306x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && timeout 600 ./grade --full 2>&1 | tail -60"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 202862d0h3 Name: cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719 Foreground time used: 120.0s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/202862d0h3.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/202862d0h3.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="202862d0h3" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="202862d0h3" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "task_id": "202862d0h3", "max_wait_seconds": 600}

Background task finished. Task: 202862d0h3 Name: cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719 Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T02:46:42.862704208+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T02:56:43.182387820+00:00 Duration: 600.32s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T02:56:43.182440732+00:00 Output preview: ```text --- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- ```

{"action": "output", "task_id": "202862d0h3", "tail_lines": 30}

--- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cat /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/202862d0h3.output 2>/dev/null | tail -60\ncat /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/202862d0h3.status.json 2>/dev/null"}

--- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- { "task_id": "202862d0h3", "tool_name": "bash", "display_name": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719", "session_id": "session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad", "status": "completed", "exit_code": 0, "error": null, "started_at": "2026-07-19T02:46:42.862704208+00:00", "completed_at": "2026-07-19T02:56:43.182387820+00:00", "duration_secs": 600.319683612, "pid": 412, "owner_pid": null, "owner_instance": null, "detached": true, "notify": true, "wake": false, "progress": null, "event_history": [ { "kind": "completed", "timestamp": "2026-07-19T02:56:43.182440732+00:00", "status": "completed", "exit_code": 0 } ] } --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && tail -5 scores.jsonl"}

{"ts": "2026-07-19T02:36:46Z", "seed": 28582, "cost": 7817766205, "given_cost": 7817766205, "score": 0.0, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T02:46:40Z", "seed": 29180, "cost": 73114438, "given_cost": 4482383223, "score": 5.938, "full_gate": false} --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "find /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks -iname \"*202862d0h3*\"; ls -la /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/ | head -20"}

/tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/202862d0h3.output /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/202862d0h3.status.json total 2 drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 100 Jul 19 02:57 . drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 140 Jul 19 02:39 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 44 Jul 19 02:56 202862d0h3.output -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 682 Jul 19 02:56 202862d0h3.status.json -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 81 Jul 19 02:57 82056617w3.output --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && timeout 900 ./grade --full > /tmp/full_gate_out.txt 2>&1 &\necho \"started $!\"\n"}

started 502 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "sleep 60; cat /tmp/full_gate_out.txt"}

--- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "sleep 120; cat /tmp/full_gate_out.txt; jobs -l"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 8918353n3c Name: sleep 120; Foreground time used: 120.0s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/8918353n3c.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/8918353n3c.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="8918353n3c" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="8918353n3c" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "task_id": "8918353n3c", "max_wait_seconds": 300}

Background task was already finished. Task: 8918353n3c Name: sleep 120; Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T02:58:11.835274199+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T03:00:14.263862068+00:00 Duration: 122.43s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T03:00:14.263899941+00:00

{"command": "cat /tmp/full_gate_out.txt; echo \"---\"; ps aux | grep grade"}

--- root 47 0.5 0.0 428816 193920 ? Sl 02:36 0:08 jcode --no-update --no-selfdev -p anthropic-api -m claude-sonnet-5 -C /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print run --ndjson You are being benchmarked on jcode bench task float-print, in this directory. Read spec.md. Your job: make submission/solve.c faster. Correctness on every input is a hard gate, verified by ./grade. Score = log2 doublings of instruction-count improvement over the given implementation, measured deterministically with callgrind. The loop: edit submission/solve.c (you may add more .c/.h files in submission/), run ./grade, read your score. Grade often; every grade is logged to scores.jsonl as your score-over-time curve. Rules: edit only files under submission/. Self-contained C17, libc only. Do not modify the grader, verifier, or corpus generator; that voids the run. Work until you genuinely cannot improve further. Aim as high as you can; +1.0 means 2x, +2.0 means 4x. Report your final score. root 503 0.0 0.0 11380 4604 ? S 02:57 0:00 timeout 900 ./grade --full root 504 0.0 0.0 29596 21952 ? S 02:57 0:00 python3 ./grade --full root 569 50.0 0.0 12388 4380 ? S 03:00 0:00 grep grade --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "wait_for() {\n for i in $(seq 1 30); do\n if ! ps -p 504 > /dev/null 2>&1; then echo \"done\"; break; fi\n sleep 20\n done\n}\nwait_for\ncat /tmp/full_gate_out.txt"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 018913p8ym Name: wait_for() { Foreground time used: 120.0s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/018913p8ym.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/018913p8ym.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="018913p8ym" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="018913p8ym" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 600, "task_id": "018913p8ym"}

Background task finished. Task: 018913p8ym Name: wait_for() { Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T03:00:18.913650910+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T03:10:20.606735362+00:00 Duration: 601.69s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T03:10:20.606796930+00:00 Output preview: ```text --- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- ```

{"command": "cat /tmp/full_gate_out.txt; ps aux | grep -c \"grade --full\""}

3 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "pgrep -af \"grade --full\"; pgrep -af \"runner|verify\" "}

503 timeout 900 ./grade --full 504 python3 ./grade --full 519 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 29825 --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "for i in $(seq 1 25); do\n if ! pgrep -f \"grade --full\" > /dev/null; then echo DONE; break; fi\n sleep 20\ndone\ncat /tmp/full_gate_out.txt"}

DONE --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cat /tmp/full_gate_out.txt; echo \"EXIT---\"; wait 503 2>/dev/null; echo $?; pgrep -af grade"}

EXIT--- 127 47 jcode --no-update --no-selfdev -p anthropic-api -m claude-sonnet-5 -C /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print run --ndjson You are being benchmarked on jcode bench task float-print, in this directory. Read spec.md. Your job: make submission/solve.c faster. Correctness on every input is a hard gate, verified by ./grade. Score = log2 doublings of instruction-count improvement over the given implementation, measured deterministically with callgrind. The loop: edit submission/solve.c (you may add more .c/.h files in submission/), run ./grade, read your score. Grade often; every grade is logged to scores.jsonl as your score-over-time curve. Rules: edit only files under submission/. Self-contained C17, libc only. Do not modify the grader, verifier, or corpus generator; that voids the run. Work until you genuinely cannot improve further. Aim as high as you can; +1.0 means 2x, +2.0 means 4x. Report your final score. --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && tail -5 scores.jsonl; ls -la /tmp/full_gate_out.txt; cat /tmp/full_gate_out.txt | wc -c"}

{"ts": "2026-07-19T02:36:46Z", "seed": 28582, "cost": 7817766205, "given_cost": 7817766205, "score": 0.0, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T02:46:40Z", "seed": 29180, "cost": 73114438, "given_cost": 4482383223, "score": 5.938, "full_gate": false} -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 19 02:57 /tmp/full_gate_out.txt 0 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade --full > /tmp/fg2.txt 2>&1 &\ndisown\necho started"}

started --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "pkill -f \"grade --full\" 2>/dev/null; sleep 1; pgrep -af grade"}

47 jcode --no-update --no-selfdev -p anthropic-api -m claude-sonnet-5 -C /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print run --ndjson You are being benchmarked on jcode bench task float-print, in this directory. Read spec.md. Your job: make submission/solve.c faster. Correctness on every input is a hard gate, verified by ./grade. Score = log2 doublings of instruction-count improvement over the given implementation, measured deterministically with callgrind. The loop: edit submission/solve.c (you may add more .c/.h files in submission/), run ./grade, read your score. Grade often; every grade is logged to scores.jsonl as your score-over-time curve. Rules: edit only files under submission/. Self-contained C17, libc only. Do not modify the grader, verifier, or corpus generator; that voids the run. Work until you genuinely cannot improve further. Aim as high as you can; +1.0 means 2x, +2.0 means 4x. Report your final score. --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade --full"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 74800925qj Name: cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719 Foreground time used: 120.0s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/74800925qj.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/74800925qj.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="74800925qj" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="74800925qj" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 600, "task_id": "74800925qj"}

No terminal event before max wait of 600s. Check again with `bg action="wait" task_id="74800925qj"` or inspect status/output. Task: 74800925qj Name: cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719 Tool: bash Status: running Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T03:12:28.009607986+00:00 Notify: true Wake: false

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 600, "task_id": "74800925qj"}

No terminal event before max wait of 600s. Check again with `bg action="wait" task_id="74800925qj"` or inspect status/output. Task: 74800925qj Name: cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719 Tool: bash Status: running Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T03:12:28.009607986+00:00 Notify: true Wake: false

{"command": "pgrep -af \"verify\"; ps aux | grep verify | head; cat /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/74800925qj.output 2>/dev/null"}

752 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 30739 --full 801 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 30748 --full root 752 751 0.0 28552 13148 ? Sl 03:12 167:21 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 30739 --full root 801 751 0.0 28552 8856 ? Sl 03:12 166:18 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 30748 --full root 824 66.6 0.0 12388 4212 ? S 03:34 0:00 grep verify --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "nproc\nps aux | grep -E \"verify|grade\" | grep -v grep"}

4 root 47 0.5 0.0 429376 194660 ? Sl 02:36 0:18 jcode --no-update --no-selfdev -p anthropic-api -m claude-sonnet-5 -C /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print run --ndjson You are being benchmarked on jcode bench task float-print, in this directory. Read spec.md. Your job: make submission/solve.c faster. Correctness on every input is a hard gate, verified by ./grade. Score = log2 doublings of instruction-count improvement over the given implementation, measured deterministically with callgrind. The loop: edit submission/solve.c (you may add more .c/.h files in submission/), run ./grade, read your score. Grade often; every grade is logged to scores.jsonl as your score-over-time curve. Rules: edit only files under submission/. Self-contained C17, libc only. Do not modify the grader, verifier, or corpus generator; that voids the run. Work until you genuinely cannot improve further. Aim as high as you can; +1.0 means 2x, +2.0 means 4x. Report your final score. root 752 751 0.0 28552 13148 ? Sl 03:12 167:57 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 30739 --full root 786 0.0 0.0 29596 22628 ? S 03:12 0:00 python3 ./grade --full root 801 751 0.0 28552 8856 ? Sl 03:12 166:55 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 30748 --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "ps aux | grep 751 ; pstree -p 47 2>/dev/null | head -20"}

root 752 751 0.0 28552 13148 ? Sl 03:12 168:45 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 30739 --full root 801 751 0.0 28552 8856 ? Sl 03:12 167:43 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 30748 --full root 854 50.0 0.0 12388 4216 ? S 03:34 0:00 grep 751 jcode(47)-+-bash(775)---python3(786)---verify(801)-+-{verify}(802) | |-{verify}(803) | |-{verify}(804) | |-{verify}(805) | |-{verify}(806) | |-{verify}(807) | |-{verify}(808) | `-{verify}(809) |-bash(842)-+-head(856) | `-pstree(855) |-{jcode}(48) |-{jcode}(49) |-{jcode}(50) |-{jcode}(51) |-{jcode}(52) |-{jcode}(53) |-{jcode}(54) |-{jcode}(55) |-{jcode}(56) |-{jcode}(57) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "kill -9 752 2>/dev/null; sleep 1; pgrep -af verify"}

801 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 30748 --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 600, "task_id": "74800925qj"}

Background task finished. Task: 74800925qj Name: cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719 Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T03:12:28.009607986+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T03:41:29.497725902+00:00 Duration: 1741.49s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T03:41:29.497777972+00:00 Output preview: ```text build 1.0s verify 1733.2s PASS (FULL gate) measure 6.8s 73,123,818 instructions (given: 4,488,010,871) SCORE +5.9396 (61.375x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- ```

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && tail -5 scores.jsonl && cd - && cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print\ngit -C . status 2>/dev/null || echo \"no git\"; git init -q 2>/dev/null; true"}

{"ts": "2026-07-19T02:36:46Z", "seed": 28582, "cost": 7817766205, "given_cost": 7817766205, "score": 0.0, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T02:46:40Z", "seed": 29180, "cost": 73114438, "given_cost": 4482383223, "score": 5.938, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T03:41:29Z", "seed": 30748, "cost": 73123818, "given_cost": 4488010871, "score": 5.9396, "full_gate": true} /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print no git --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print && git rev-parse --show-toplevel 2>&1; find / -maxdepth 6 -name \".git\" -type d 2>/dev/null | grep -v proc"}

fatal: not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): .git /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.git --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && git status && git add -A submission && git status"}

On branch master No commits yet Untracked files: (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) .build/ grade scores.jsonl spec.md submission/ verify/ nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) On branch master No commits yet Changes to be committed: (use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage) new file: submission/pow5_tables.h new file: submission/solve.c Untracked files: (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) .build/ grade scores.jsonl spec.md verify/ --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && git -c user.email=\"jcode@local\" -c user.name=\"Jcode\" commit -q -m \"Implement Ryu-style shortest float printing (score +5.94)\" && git log --oneline"}

fa19a46 Implement Ryu-style shortest float printing (score +5.94) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && ls callgrind.runner.out 2>/dev/null\nwhich callgrind_annotate"}

callgrind.runner.out /usr/sbin/callgrind_annotate --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && callgrind_annotate callgrind.runner.out 2>/dev/null | head -60"}

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Profile data file 'callgrind.runner.out' (creator: callgrind-3.25.1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I1 cache: D1 cache: LL cache: Timerange: Basic block 0 - 1975071 Trigger: Program termination Profiled target: /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/runner /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/corpus_30748.bin (PID 871, part 1) Events recorded: Ir Events shown: Ir Event sort order: Ir Thresholds: 99 Include dirs: User annotated: Auto-annotation: on -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ir -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14,447,841 (100.0%) PROGRAM TOTALS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ir file:function -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14,388,173 (99.59%) /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c:float_print [/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/runner] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Auto-annotated source: /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ir -- line 34 ---------------------------------------- . '5','0','5','1','5','2','5','3','5','4','5','5','5','6','5','7','5','8','5','9', . '6','0','6','1','6','2','6','3','6','4','6','5','6','6','6','7','6','8','6','9', . '7','0','7','1','7','2','7','3','7','4','7','5','7','6','7','7','7','8','7','9', . '8','0','8','1','8','2','8','3','8','4','8','5','8','6','8','7','8','8','8','9', . '9','0','9','1','9','2','9','3','9','4','9','5','9','6','9','7','9','8','9','9' . }; . . static inline uint32_t decimalLength9(const uint32_t v) { 100,340 ( 0.69%) if (v >= 100000000u) return 9; 117,030 ( 0.81%) if (v >= 10000000u) return 8; 74,727 ( 0.52%) if (v >= 1000000u) return 7; 51,031 ( 0.35%) if (v >= 100000u) return 6; 28,066 ( 0.19%) if (v >= 10000u) return 5; 20,157 ( 0.14%) if (v >= 1000u) return 4; 15,444 ( 0.11%) if (v >= 100u) return 3; 11,304 ( 0.08%) if (v >= 10u) return 2; 2,547 ( 0.02%) return 1; . } . . static inline int32_t log2pow5(const int32_t e) { . return (int32_t)((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19); . } . static inline int32_t pow5bits(const int32_t e) { 107,386 ( 0.74%) return (int32_t)(((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19) + 1); . } . static inline uint32_t log10Pow2(const int32_t e) { 22,276 ( 0.15%) return (((uint32_t)e) * 78913u) >> 18; --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && callgrind_annotate callgrind.runner.out 2>/dev/null | sed -n '60,220p'"}

22,276 ( 0.15%) return (((uint32_t)e) * 78913u) >> 18; . } . static inline uint32_t log10Pow5(const int32_t e) { 72,626 ( 0.50%) return (((uint32_t)e) * 732923u) >> 20; . } . . static inline uint32_t pow5factor_32(uint32_t value) { 3,826 ( 0.03%) uint32_t count = 0; . for (;;) { 27,024 ( 0.19%) uint32_t q = value / 5; 11,480 ( 0.08%) uint32_t r = value % 5; 22,964 ( 0.16%) if (r != 0) break; . value = q; 13,512 ( 0.09%) ++count; . } . return count; . } . static inline bool multipleOfPowerOf5_32(const uint32_t value, const uint32_t p) { 1,172 ( 0.01%) return pow5factor_32(value) >= p; . } . static inline bool multipleOfPowerOf2_32(const uint32_t value, const uint32_t p) { 54,878 ( 0.38%) return (value & ((1u << p) - 1)) == 0; . } . . static inline uint32_t mulShift32(const uint32_t m, const uint64_t factor, const int32_t shift) { . const uint32_t factorLo = (uint32_t)factor; 101,144 ( 0.70%) const uint32_t factorHi = (uint32_t)(factor >> 32); 454,837 ( 3.15%) const uint64_t bits0 = (uint64_t)m * factorLo; 206,242 ( 1.43%) const uint64_t bits1 = (uint64_t)m * factorHi; 312,484 ( 2.16%) const uint64_t sum = (bits0 >> 32) + bits1; 283,018 ( 1.96%) const uint64_t shiftedSum = sum >> (shift - 32); 138,862 ( 0.96%) return (uint32_t)shiftedSum; . } . . static inline uint32_t mulPow5InvDivPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t q, const int32_t j) { 36,770 ( 0.25%) return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT_HI[q] + 1, j); . } . static inline uint32_t mulPow5divPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t i, const int32_t j) { 81,754 ( 0.57%) return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_SPLIT_HI[i], j); . } . . typedef struct { uint32_t mantissa; int32_t exponent; } floating_decimal_32; . . static inline floating_decimal_32 f2d(const uint32_t ieeeMantissa, const uint32_t ieeeExponent) { . int32_t e2; . uint32_t m2; 100,000 ( 0.69%) if (ieeeExponent == 0) { . e2 = 1 - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; . m2 = ieeeMantissa; . } else { . e2 = (int32_t)ieeeExponent - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; 47,451 ( 0.33%) m2 = (1u << FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) | ieeeMantissa; . } . const bool even = (m2 & 1) == 0; . const bool acceptBounds = even; . 100,000 ( 0.69%) const uint32_t mv = 4 * m2; 94,902 ( 0.66%) const uint32_t mp = 4 * m2 + 2; 300,000 ( 2.08%) const uint32_t mmShift = ieeeMantissa != 0 || ieeeExponent <= 1; 165,294 ( 1.14%) const uint32_t mm = 4 * m2 - 1 - mmShift; . . uint32_t vr, vp, vm; . int32_t e10; 13,430 ( 0.09%) bool vmIsTrailingZeros = false; . bool vrIsTrailingZeros = false; 51,137 ( 0.35%) uint8_t lastRemovedDigit = 0; 147,451 ( 1.02%) if (e2 >= 0) { . const uint32_t q = log10Pow2(e2); 11,138 ( 0.08%) e10 = (int32_t)q; . const int32_t k = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)q) - 1; 22,276 ( 0.15%) const int32_t i = -e2 + (int32_t)q + k; . vr = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q, i); . vp = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mp, q, i); . vm = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mm, q, i); 137,972 ( 0.95%) if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { 3,356 ( 0.02%) const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1; 10,068 ( 0.07%) lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10); . } 20,002 ( 0.14%) if (q <= 9) { 33,296 ( 0.23%) if (mv % 5 == 0) { . vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mv, q); 5,154 ( 0.04%) } else if (acceptBounds) { . vmIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mm, q); . } else { 3,516 ( 0.02%) vp -= multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mp, q); . } . } . } else { . const uint32_t q = log10Pow5(-e2); 72,626 ( 0.50%) e10 = (int32_t)q + e2; 217,878 ( 1.51%) const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t)q; . const int32_t k = pow5bits(i) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT; 72,626 ( 0.50%) int32_t j = (int32_t)q - k; . vr = mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)i, j); . vp = mulPow5divPow2(mp, (uint32_t)i, j); . vm = mulPow5divPow2(mm, (uint32_t)i, j); 426,452 ( 2.95%) if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { 22,820 ( 0.16%) j = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT); 27,384 ( 0.19%) lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)(i + 1), j) % 10); . } 77,312 ( 0.54%) if (q <= 1) { . vrIsTrailingZeros = true; 932 ( 0.01%) if (acceptBounds) { . vmIsTrailingZeros = mmShift == 1; . } else { . --vp; . } 76,792 ( 0.53%) } else if (q < 31) { 40,869 ( 0.28%) vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf2_32(mv, q - 1); . } . } . 49,950 ( 0.35%) int32_t removed = 0; . uint32_t output; 88,297 ( 0.61%) if (vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros) { 469,146 ( 3.25%) while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 317,922 ( 2.20%) vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm % 10 == 0; 105,974 ( 0.73%) vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; 412,819 ( 2.86%) lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 105,974 ( 0.73%) vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 105,974 ( 0.73%) ++removed; . } 27,940 ( 0.19%) if (vmIsTrailingZeros) { 1,168 ( 0.01%) while (vm % 10 == 0) { 682 ( 0.00%) vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; 2,621 ( 0.02%) lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 1,364 ( 0.01%) vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 1,364 ( 0.01%) ++removed; . } . } 28,480 ( 0.20%) if (vrIsTrailingZeros && lastRemovedDigit == 5 && vr % 2 == 0) { . lastRemovedDigit = 4; . } 98,909 ( 0.68%) output = vr + ((vr == vm && (!acceptBounds || !vmIsTrailingZeros)) || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); . } else { 1,020,200 ( 7.06%) while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 94,908 ( 0.66%) lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 184,497 ( 1.28%) vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 61,499 ( 0.43%) ++removed; . } 251,293 ( 1.74%) output = vr + (vr == vm || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); . } 59,876 ( 0.41%) const int32_t exp = e10 + removed; . . floating_decimal_32 fd; . fd.exponent = exp; . fd.mantissa = output; . return fd; . } . . // Writes the digits of `output` (olength of them) into digbuf[0..olength). . static inline void write_digits(uint32_t output, uint32_t olength, char *digbuf) { 41,052 ( 0.28%) uint32_t i = 0; 82,784 ( 0.57%) while (output >= 10000) { 536,056 ( 3.71%) const uint32_t c = output % 10000; 82,784 ( 0.57%) output /= 10000; 82,784 ( 0.57%) const uint32_t c0 = (c % 100) << 1; 124,176 ( 0.86%) const uint32_t c1 = (c / 100) << 1; 165,568 ( 1.15%) memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 2, DIGIT_TABLE + c0, 2); 248,352 ( 1.72%) memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 4, DIGIT_TABLE + c1, 2); 41,392 ( 0.29%) i += 4; --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && callgrind_annotate callgrind.runner.out 2>/dev/null | sed -n '220,320p'"}

41,392 ( 0.29%) i += 4; . } 164,208 ( 1.14%) if (output >= 100) { 197,208 ( 1.36%) const uint32_t c = (output % 100) << 1; 32,868 ( 0.23%) output /= 100; 160,009 ( 1.11%) memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 2, DIGIT_TABLE + c, 2); . i += 2; . } 86,435 ( 0.60%) if (output >= 10) { 30,826 ( 0.21%) const uint32_t c = output << 1; 123,304 ( 0.85%) digbuf[1] = DIGIT_TABLE[c + 1]; 30,826 ( 0.21%) digbuf[0] = DIGIT_TABLE[c]; . } else { 38,348 ( 0.27%) digbuf[0] = (char)('0' + output); . } . } . . // Formats the decimal value (mantissa `output` with olength digits, . // normalized exponent E meaning value = d1.d2...dn * 10^E) into `out` . // following the task's grammar. Returns bytes written (excluding any . // preceding sign, which the caller already wrote). . static inline size_t format_value(uint32_t output, uint32_t olength, int32_t E, char *out) { . char dig[9]; . write_digits(output, olength, dig); . . // Mimic %g's choice of notation: scientific if E < -4 or E >= olength. . bool use_sci = (E < -4) || (E >= (int32_t)olength); . . size_t n = 0; 176,454 ( 1.22%) if (!use_sci) { 45,434 ( 0.31%) if (E >= 0) { . // integer part has E+1 digits, then fraction (olength-E-1 digits) if any. . uint32_t int_len = (uint32_t)E + 1; 202,335 ( 1.40%) memcpy(out + n, dig, int_len); . n += int_len; 23,006 ( 0.16%) if (int_len < olength) { 3,559 ( 0.02%) out[n++] = '.'; 21,358 ( 0.15%) memcpy(out + n, dig + int_len, olength - int_len); 58,793 ( 0.41%) => /usr/src/debug/glibc/glibc/string/../sysdeps/x86_64/multiarch/memmove-vec-unaligned-erms.S:__memcpy_avx_unaligned_erms (3,559x) 875 ( 0.01%) => /usr/src/debug/glibc/glibc/elf/../sysdeps/x86_64/dl-trampoline.h:_dl_runtime_resolve_xsave (1x) 7,118 ( 0.05%) n += olength - int_len; . } . } else { . // 0.000digits ; number of zeros after decimal point = -E-1 22,428 ( 0.16%) out[n++] = '0'; 11,214 ( 0.08%) out[n++] = '.'; . int32_t zeros = -E - 1; 77,122 ( 0.53%) for (int32_t k = 0; k < zeros; k++) out[n++] = '0'; 119,656 ( 0.83%) memcpy(out + n, dig, olength); 22,428 ( 0.16%) n += olength; . } . } else { 38,655 ( 0.27%) out[n++] = dig[0]; 34,116 ( 0.24%) if (olength > 1) { 25,674 ( 0.18%) out[n++] = '.'; 470,929 ( 3.26%) memcpy(out + n, dig + 1, olength - 1); 25,674 ( 0.18%) n += olength - 1; . } 78,631 ( 0.54%) out[n++] = 'e'; . int32_t exp = E; 113,431 ( 0.79%) if (exp < 0) { out[n++] = '-'; exp = -exp; } 54,566 ( 0.38%) if (exp >= 10) { 104,131 ( 0.72%) memcpy(out + n, DIGIT_TABLE + 2 * exp, 2); 19,212 ( 0.13%) n += 2; . } else { 32,284 ( 0.22%) out[n++] = (char)('0' + exp); . } . } . return n; . } . 200,000 ( 1.38%) size_t float_print(float f, char *out) { . uint32_t bits; 50,000 ( 0.35%) memcpy(&bits, &f, 4); . . const uint32_t ieeeSign = bits >> 31; 100,000 ( 0.69%) const uint32_t ieeeMantissa = bits & ((1u << FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) - 1); 150,000 ( 1.04%) const uint32_t ieeeExponent = (bits >> FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) & ((1u << FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS) - 1); . 100,000 ( 0.69%) if (ieeeExponent == 255) { . if (ieeeMantissa != 0) { memcpy(out, "nan", 3); return 3; } . if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, "-inf", 4); return 4; } . memcpy(out, "inf", 3); . return 3; . } 150,000 ( 1.04%) if (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0) { . if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, "-0", 2); return 2; } . out[0] = '0'; . return 1; . } . 50,000 ( 0.35%) size_t n = 0; 133,645 ( 0.93%) if (ieeeSign) out[n++] = '-'; . . floating_decimal_32 v = f2d(ieeeMantissa, ieeeExponent); . uint32_t olength = decimalLength9(v.mantissa); 279,026 ( 1.93%) int32_t E = v.exponent + (int32_t)olength - 1; . 111,215 ( 0.77%) n += format_value(v.mantissa, olength, E, out + n); 350,000 ( 2.42%) return n; 550,000 ( 3.81%) } --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner --disassemble=float_print 2>/dev/null | head -5\ngcc --version\necho \"---\"\ncat > /tmp/testdiv.c <<'EOF'\nunsigned f(unsigned x){return x/10;}\nEOF\ncc -O2 -S /tmp/testdiv.c -o /tmp/testdiv.s && cat /tmp/testdiv.s"}

runner: file format elf64-x86-64 Disassembly of section .init: gcc (GCC) 16.1.1 20260625 Copyright (C) 2026 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. --- .file "testdiv.c" .text .p2align 4 .globl f .type f, @function f: .LFB0: .cfi_startproc movl %edi, %eax movl $3435973837, %edx imulq %rdx, %rax shrq $35, %rax ret .cfi_endproc .LFE0: .size f, .-f .ident "GCC: (GNU) 16.1.1 20260625" .section .note.GNU-stack,"",@progbits --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "old_string": "static inline uint32_t decimalLength9(const uint32_t v) {\n if (v >= 100000000u) return 9;\n if (v >= 10000000u) return 8;\n if (v >= 1000000u) return 7;\n if (v >= 100000u) return 6;\n if (v >= 10000u) return 5;\n if (v >= 1000u) return 4;\n if (v >= 100u) return 3;\n if (v >= 10u) return 2;\n return 1;\n}", "new_string": "static inline uint32_t decimalLength9(const uint32_t v) {\n // Binary-search style: at most 4 comparisons instead of up to 8.\n if (v >= 10000u) {\n if (v >= 10000000u) {\n if (v >= 100000000u) return 9;\n return 8;\n }\n if (v >= 1000000u) return 7;\n if (v >= 100000u) return 6;\n return 5;\n } else {\n if (v >= 100u) {\n if (v >= 1000u) return 4;\n return 3;\n }\n if (v >= 10u) return 2;\n return 1;\n }\n}"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 42- if (v >= 100000000u) return 9; 43- if (v >= 10000000u) return 8; 44- if (v >= 1000000u) return 7; 45- if (v >= 100000u) return 6; 46- if (v >= 10000u) return 5; 47- if (v >= 1000u) return 4; 48- if (v >= 100u) return 3; 49- if (v >= 10u) return 2; 50- return 1; 42+ // Binary-search style: at most 4 comparisons instead of up to 8. 43+ if (v >= 10000u) { 44+ if (v >= 10000000u) { 45+ if (v >= 100000000u) return 9; 46+ return 8; 47+ } 48+ if (v >= 1000000u) return 7; 49+ if (v >= 100000u) return 6; 50+ return 5; 51+ } else { 52+ if (v >= 100u) { 53+ if (v >= 1000u) return 4; 54+ return 3; 55+ } 56+ if (v >= 10u) return 2; 57+ return 1; 58+ } Context after edit (lines 38-62): 38│ '9','0','9','1','9','2','9','3','9','4','9','5','9','6','9','7','9','8','9','9' 39│ }; 40│ 41│ static inline uint32_t decimalLength9(const uint32_t v) { 42│ // Binary-search style: at most 4 comparisons instead of up to 8. 43│ if (v >= 10000u) { 44│ if (v >= 10000000u) { 45│ if (v >= 100000000u) return 9; 46│ return 8; 47│ } 48│ if (v >= 1000000u) return 7; 49│ if (v >= 100000u) return 6; 50│ return 5; 51│ } else { 52│ if (v >= 100u) { 53│ if (v >= 1000u) return 4; 54│ return 3; 55│ } 56│ if (v >= 10u) return 2; 57│ return 1; 58│ } 59│ } 60│ 61│ static inline int32_t log2pow5(const int32_t e) { 62│ return (int32_t)((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19);

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -10"}

build 1.0s verify 6.3s PASS measure 6.8s 73,347,630 instructions (given: 4,478,939,690) SCORE +5.9323 (61.065x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": "static inline uint32_t decimalLength9(const uint32_t v) {\n if (v >= 100000000u) return 9;\n if (v >= 10000000u) return 8;\n if (v >= 1000000u) return 7;\n if (v >= 100000u) return 6;\n if (v >= 10000u) return 5;\n if (v >= 1000u) return 4;\n if (v >= 100u) return 3;\n if (v >= 10u) return 2;\n return 1;\n}", "old_string": "static inline uint32_t decimalLength9(const uint32_t v) {\n // Binary-search style: at most 4 comparisons instead of up to 8.\n if (v >= 10000u) {\n if (v >= 10000000u) {\n if (v >= 100000000u) return 9;\n return 8;\n }\n if (v >= 1000000u) return 7;\n if (v >= 100000u) return 6;\n return 5;\n } else {\n if (v >= 100u) {\n if (v >= 1000u) return 4;\n return 3;\n }\n if (v >= 10u) return 2;\n return 1;\n }\n}"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 42- // Binary-search style: at most 4 comparisons instead of up to 8. 43- if (v >= 10000u) { 44- if (v >= 10000000u) { 45- if (v >= 100000000u) return 9; 46- return 8; 47- } 48- if (v >= 1000000u) return 7; 49- if (v >= 100000u) return 6; 50- return 5; 51- } else { 52- if (v >= 100u) { 53- if (v >= 1000u) return 4; 54- return 3; 55- } 56- if (v >= 10u) return 2; 57- return 1; 58- } 42+ if (v >= 100000000u) return 9; 43+ if (v >= 10000000u) return 8; 44+ if (v >= 1000000u) return 7; 45+ if (v >= 100000u) return 6; 46+ if (v >= 10000u) return 5; 47+ if (v >= 1000u) return 4; 48+ if (v >= 100u) return 3; 49+ if (v >= 10u) return 2; 50+ return 1; Context after edit (lines 38-54): 38│ '9','0','9','1','9','2','9','3','9','4','9','5','9','6','9','7','9','8','9','9' 39│ }; 40│ 41│ static inline uint32_t decimalLength9(const uint32_t v) { 42│ if (v >= 100000000u) return 9; 43│ if (v >= 10000000u) return 8; 44│ if (v >= 1000000u) return 7; 45│ if (v >= 100000u) return 6; 46│ if (v >= 10000u) return 5; 47│ if (v >= 1000u) return 4; 48│ if (v >= 100u) return 3; 49│ if (v >= 10u) return 2; 50│ return 1; 51│ } 52│ 53│ static inline int32_t log2pow5(const int32_t e) { 54│ return (int32_t)((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19);

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -10"}

build 1.0s verify 6.2s PASS measure 7.0s 73,072,331 instructions (given: 4,487,225,657) SCORE +5.9404 (61.408x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && callgrind_annotate callgrind.runner.out 2>/dev/null | grep -E \"^\\s*[0-9,]+\\s*\\(\" | sort -t'(' -k2 -rn | head -20"}

14,437,746 (100.0%) PROGRAM TOTALS 14,379,156 (99.59%) events annotated 14,379,156 (99.59%) /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c:float_print [/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/runner] 1,025,490 ( 7.10%) while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 550,000 ( 3.81%) } 536,719 ( 3.72%) const uint32_t c = output % 10000; 474,911 ( 3.29%) memcpy(out + n, dig + 1, olength - 1); 463,643 ( 3.21%) while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 454,535 ( 3.15%) const uint64_t bits0 = (uint64_t)m * factorLo; 427,860 ( 2.96%) if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { 407,772 ( 2.82%) lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 350,000 ( 2.42%) return n; 313,938 ( 2.17%) vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm % 10 == 0; 312,212 ( 2.16%) const uint64_t sum = (bits0 >> 32) + bits1; 300,000 ( 2.08%) const uint32_t mmShift = ieeeMantissa != 0 || ieeeExponent <= 1; 282,330 ( 1.96%) const uint64_t shiftedSum = sum >> (shift - 32); 279,337 ( 1.93%) int32_t E = v.exponent + (int32_t)olength - 1; 252,196 ( 1.75%) output = vr + (vr == vm || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); 248,586 ( 1.72%) memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 4, DIGIT_TABLE + c1, 2); 218,556 ( 1.51%) const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t)q; --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "start_line": 85, "limit": 20}

85 const uint32_t factorLo = (uint32_t)factor; 86 const uint32_t factorHi = (uint32_t)(factor >> 32); 87 const uint64_t bits0 = (uint64_t)m * factorLo; 88 const uint64_t bits1 = (uint64_t)m * factorHi; 89 const uint64_t sum = (bits0 >> 32) + bits1; 90 const uint64_t shiftedSum = sum >> (shift - 32); 91 return (uint32_t)shiftedSum; 92 } 93 94 static inline uint32_t mulPow5InvDivPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t q, const int32_t j) { 95 return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT_HI[q] + 1, j); 96 } 97 static inline uint32_t mulPow5divPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t i, const int32_t j) { 98 return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_SPLIT_HI[i], j); 99 } 100 101 typedef struct { uint32_t mantissa; int32_t exponent; } floating_decimal_32; 102 103 static inline floating_decimal_32 f2d(const uint32_t ieeeMantissa, const uint32_t ieeeExponent) { 104 int32_t e2; ... 214 more lines (use start_line=105 to continue)

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "old_string": "static inline uint32_t mulShift32(const uint32_t m, const uint64_t factor, const int32_t shift) {\n const uint32_t factorLo = (uint32_t)factor;\n const uint32_t factorHi = (uint32_t)(factor >> 32);\n const uint64_t bits0 = (uint64_t)m * factorLo;\n const uint64_t bits1 = (uint64_t)m * factorHi;\n const uint64_t sum = (bits0 >> 32) + bits1;\n const uint64_t shiftedSum = sum >> (shift - 32);\n return (uint32_t)shiftedSum;\n}", "new_string": "static inline uint32_t mulShift32(const uint32_t m, const uint64_t factor, const int32_t shift) {\n // factor is 64 bits, m is 32 bits: the product fits in 96 bits, so a\n // single 128-bit multiply (native on x86_64) is both simpler and faster\n // than the manual 32x32 split used by the reference Ryu implementation\n // (which targeted platforms without fast 64x64->128 multiply).\n __uint128_t prod = (__uint128_t)factor * m;\n return (uint32_t)(prod >> shift);\n}"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 85- const uint32_t factorLo = (uint32_t)factor; 86- const uint32_t factorHi = (uint32_t)(factor >> 32); 87- const uint64_t bits0 = (uint64_t)m * factorLo; 88- const uint64_t bits1 = (uint64_t)m * factorHi; 89- const uint64_t sum = (bits0 >> 32) + bits1; 90- const uint64_t shiftedSum = sum >> (shift - 32); 91- return (uint32_t)shiftedSum; 85+ // factor is 64 bits, m is 32 bits: the product fits in 96 bits, so a 86+ // single 128-bit multiply (native on x86_64) is both simpler and faster 87+ // than the manual 32x32 split used by the reference Ryu implementation 88+ // (which targeted platforms without fast 64x64->128 multiply). 89+ __uint128_t prod = (__uint128_t)factor * m; 90+ return (uint32_t)(prod >> shift); Context after edit (lines 81-94): 81│ return (value & ((1u << p) - 1)) == 0; 82│ } 83│ 84│ static inline uint32_t mulShift32(const uint32_t m, const uint64_t factor, const int32_t shift) { 85│ // factor is 64 bits, m is 32 bits: the product fits in 96 bits, so a 86│ // single 128-bit multiply (native on x86_64) is both simpler and faster 87│ // than the manual 32x32 split used by the reference Ryu implementation 88│ // (which targeted platforms without fast 64x64->128 multiply). 89│ __uint128_t prod = (__uint128_t)factor * m; 90│ return (uint32_t)(prod >> shift); 91│ } 92│ 93│ static inline uint32_t mulPow5InvDivPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t q, const int32_t j) { 94│ return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT_HI[q] + 1, j);

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -10"}

build 1.2s verify 6.2s PASS measure 6.9s 72,731,846 instructions (given: 4,482,982,200) SCORE +5.9457 (61.637x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade --full 2>&1 &\ndisown\necho started; "}

started --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "sleep 60; pgrep -af \"grade --full\""}

1211 python3 ./grade --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "start_line": 100, "limit": 230}

100 typedef struct { uint32_t mantissa; int32_t exponent; } floating_decimal_32; 101 102 static inline floating_decimal_32 f2d(const uint32_t ieeeMantissa, const uint32_t ieeeExponent) { 103 int32_t e2; 104 uint32_t m2; 105 if (ieeeExponent == 0) { 106 e2 = 1 - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; 107 m2 = ieeeMantissa; 108 } else { 109 e2 = (int32_t)ieeeExponent - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; 110 m2 = (1u << FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) | ieeeMantissa; 111 } 112 const bool even = (m2 & 1) == 0; 113 const bool acceptBounds = even; 114 115 const uint32_t mv = 4 * m2; 116 const uint32_t mp = 4 * m2 + 2; 117 const uint32_t mmShift = ieeeMantissa != 0 || ieeeExponent <= 1; 118 const uint32_t mm = 4 * m2 - 1 - mmShift; 119 120 uint32_t vr, vp, vm; 121 int32_t e10; 122 bool vmIsTrailingZeros = false; 123 bool vrIsTrailingZeros = false; 124 uint8_t lastRemovedDigit = 0; 125 if (e2 >= 0) { 126 const uint32_t q = log10Pow2(e2); 127 e10 = (int32_t)q; 128 const int32_t k = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)q) - 1; 129 const int32_t i = -e2 + (int32_t)q + k; 130 vr = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q, i); 131 vp = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mp, q, i); 132 vm = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mm, q, i); 133 if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { 134 const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1; 135 lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10); 136 } 137 if (q <= 9) { 138 if (mv % 5 == 0) { 139 vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mv, q); 140 } else if (acceptBounds) { 141 vmIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mm, q); 142 } else { 143 vp -= multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mp, q); 144 } 145 } 146 } else { 147 const uint32_t q = log10Pow5(-e2); 148 e10 = (int32_t)q + e2; 149 const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t)q; 150 const int32_t k = pow5bits(i) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT; 151 int32_t j = (int32_t)q - k; 152 vr = mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)i, j); 153 vp = mulPow5divPow2(mp, (uint32_t)i, j); 154 vm = mulPow5divPow2(mm, (uint32_t)i, j); 155 if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { 156 j = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT); 157 lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)(i + 1), j) % 10); 158 } 159 if (q <= 1) { 160 vrIsTrailingZeros = true; 161 if (acceptBounds) { 162 vmIsTrailingZeros = mmShift == 1; 163 } else { 164 --vp; 165 } 166 } else if (q < 31) { 167 vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf2_32(mv, q - 1); 168 } 169 } 170 171 int32_t removed = 0; 172 uint32_t output; 173 if (vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros) { 174 while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 175 vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm % 10 == 0; 176 vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; 177 lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 178 vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 179 ++removed; 180 } 181 if (vmIsTrailingZeros) { 182 while (vm % 10 == 0) { 183 vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; 184 lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 185 vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 186 ++removed; 187 } 188 } 189 if (vrIsTrailingZeros && lastRemovedDigit == 5 && vr % 2 == 0) { 190 lastRemovedDigit = 4; 191 } 192 output = vr + ((vr == vm && (!acceptBounds || !vmIsTrailingZeros)) || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); 193 } else { 194 while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 195 lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 196 vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 197 ++removed; 198 } 199 output = vr + (vr == vm || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); 200 } 201 const int32_t exp = e10 + removed; 202 203 floating_decimal_32 fd; 204 fd.exponent = exp; 205 fd.mantissa = output; 206 return fd; 207 } 208 209 // Writes the digits of `output` (olength of them) into digbuf[0..olength). 210 static inline void write_digits(uint32_t output, uint32_t olength, char *digbuf) { 211 uint32_t i = 0; 212 while (output >= 10000) { 213 const uint32_t c = output % 10000; 214 output /= 10000; 215 const uint32_t c0 = (c % 100) << 1; 216 const uint32_t c1 = (c / 100) << 1; 217 memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 2, DIGIT_TABLE + c0, 2); 218 memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 4, DIGIT_TABLE + c1, 2); 219 i += 4; 220 } 221 if (output >= 100) { 222 const uint32_t c = (output % 100) << 1; 223 output /= 100; 224 memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 2, DIGIT_TABLE + c, 2); 225 i += 2; 226 } 227 if (output >= 10) { 228 const uint32_t c = output << 1; 229 digbuf[1] = DIGIT_TABLE[c + 1]; 230 digbuf[0] = DIGIT_TABLE[c]; 231 } else { 232 digbuf[0] = (char)('0' + output); 233 } 234 } 235 236 // Formats the decimal value (mantissa `output` with olength digits, 237 // normalized exponent E meaning value = d1.d2...dn * 10^E) into `out` 238 // following the task's grammar. Returns bytes written (excluding any 239 // preceding sign, which the caller already wrote). 240 static inline size_t format_value(uint32_t output, uint32_t olength, int32_t E, char *out) { 241 char dig[9]; 242 write_digits(output, olength, dig); 243 244 // Mimic %g's choice of notation: scientific if E < -4 or E >= olength. 245 bool use_sci = (E < -4) || (E >= (int32_t)olength); 246 247 size_t n = 0; 248 if (!use_sci) { 249 if (E >= 0) { 250 // integer part has E+1 digits, then fraction (olength-E-1 digits) if any. 251 uint32_t int_len = (uint32_t)E + 1; 252 memcpy(out + n, dig, int_len); 253 n += int_len; 254 if (int_len < olength) { 255 out[n++] = '.'; 256 memcpy(out + n, dig + int_len, olength - int_len); 257 n += olength - int_len; 258 } 259 } else { 260 // 0.000digits ; number of zeros after decimal point = -E-1 261 out[n++] = '0'; 262 out[n++] = '.'; 263 int32_t zeros = -E - 1; 264 for (int32_t k = 0; k < zeros; k++) out[n++] = '0'; 265 memcpy(out + n, dig, olength); 266 n += olength; 267 } 268 } else { 269 out[n++] = dig[0]; 270 if (olength > 1) { 271 out[n++] = '.'; 272 memcpy(out + n, dig + 1, olength - 1); 273 n += olength - 1; 274 } 275 out[n++] = 'e'; 276 int32_t exp = E; 277 if (exp < 0) { out[n++] = '-'; exp = -exp; } 278 if (exp >= 10) { 279 memcpy(out + n, DIGIT_TABLE + 2 * exp, 2); 280 n += 2; 281 } else { 282 out[n++] = (char)('0' + exp); 283 } 284 } 285 return n; 286 } 287 288 size_t float_print(float f, char *out) { 289 uint32_t bits; 290 memcpy(&bits, &f, 4); 291 292 const uint32_t ieeeSign = bits >> 31; 293 const uint32_t ieeeMantissa = bits & ((1u << FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) - 1); 294 const uint32_t ieeeExponent = (bits >> FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) & ((1u << FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS) - 1); 295 296 if (ieeeExponent == 255) { 297 if (ieeeMantissa != 0) { memcpy(out, "nan", 3); return 3; } 298 if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, "-inf", 4); return 4; } 299 memcpy(out, "inf", 3); 300 return 3; 301 } 302 if (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0) { 303 if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, "-0", 2); return 2; } 304 out[0] = '0'; 305 return 1; 306 } 307 308 size_t n = 0; 309 if (ieeeSign) out[n++] = '-'; 310 311 floating_decimal_32 v = f2d(ieeeMantissa, ieeeExponent); 312 uint32_t olength = decimalLength9(v.mantissa); 313 int32_t E = v.exponent + (int32_t)olength - 1; 314 315 n += format_value(v.mantissa, olength, E, out + n); 316 return n; 317 }

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 600, "task_id": "1211"}

ERROR: Error: Task not found: 1211 Error: Task not found: 1211

{"command": "for i in $(seq 1 20); do\n if ! pgrep -f \"grade --full\" > /dev/null; then echo DONE; break; fi\n sleep 20\ndone"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 790605ad3k Name: for i Foreground time used: 120.0s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/790605ad3k.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/790605ad3k.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="790605ad3k" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="790605ad3k" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 900, "task_id": "790605ad3k"}

Background task finished. Task: 790605ad3k Name: for i Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T03:46:30.605208537+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T03:53:12.441611564+00:00 Duration: 401.84s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T03:53:12.441661220+00:00 Output preview: ```text --- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- ```

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && tail -3 scores.jsonl"}

{"ts": "2026-07-19T03:43:34Z", "seed": 32600, "cost": 73347630, "given_cost": 4478939690, "score": 5.9323, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T03:43:59Z", "seed": 32624, "cost": 73072331, "given_cost": 4487225657, "score": 5.9404, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T03:44:56Z", "seed": 32681, "cost": 72731846, "given_cost": 4482982200, "score": 5.9457, "full_gate": false} --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "pgrep -af \"grade --full\"; pgrep -af verify"}

1211 python3 ./grade --full 1226 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 32698 --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "for i in $(seq 1 20); do\n if ! pgrep -f \"grade --full\" > /dev/null; then echo DONE; break; fi\n sleep 20\ndone"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 2026836q42 Name: for i Foreground time used: 120.1s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/2026836q42.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/2026836q42.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="2026836q42" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="2026836q42" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 1800, "task_id": "2026836q42"}

Background task finished. Task: 2026836q42 Name: for i Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T03:53:22.683723654+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T04:00:03.515368724+00:00 Duration: 400.83s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T04:00:03.515421706+00:00 Output preview: ```text --- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- ```

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && tail -3 scores.jsonl; pgrep -af \"grade --full\""}

{"ts": "2026-07-19T03:43:34Z", "seed": 32600, "cost": 73347630, "given_cost": 4478939690, "score": 5.9323, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T03:43:59Z", "seed": 32624, "cost": 73072331, "given_cost": 4487225657, "score": 5.9404, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T03:44:56Z", "seed": 32681, "cost": 72731846, "given_cost": 4482982200, "score": 5.9457, "full_gate": false} 1211 python3 ./grade --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "for i in $(seq 1 20); do\n if ! pgrep -f \"grade --full\" > /dev/null; then echo DONE; break; fi\n sleep 20\ndone"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 610372w5lk Name: for i Foreground time used: 120.1s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/610372w5lk.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/610372w5lk.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="610372w5lk" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="610372w5lk" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 1800, "task_id": "610372w5lk"}

Background task finished. Task: 610372w5lk Name: for i Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T04:00:10.372422821+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T04:06:51.370518292+00:00 Duration: 401.00s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T04:06:51.370567687+00:00 Output preview: ```text --- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- ```

{"command": "pgrep -af \"grade --full\"; ps aux | grep verify | grep -v grep"}

1211 python3 ./grade --full root 1226 738 0.0 28552 19648 ? Sl 03:44 161:50 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 32698 --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "for i in $(seq 1 20); do\n if ! pgrep -f \"grade --full\" > /dev/null; then echo DONE; break; fi\n sleep 20\ndone"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 018142aikv Name: for i Foreground time used: 120.1s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/018142aikv.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/018142aikv.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="018142aikv" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="018142aikv" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 1800, "task_id": "018142aikv"}

Background task finished. Task: 018142aikv Name: for i Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T04:06:58.142299073+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T04:13:39.134236831+00:00 Duration: 400.99s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T04:13:39.134286367+00:00 Output preview: ```text --- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- ```

{"command": "pgrep -af \"grade --full\"; ps -o etimes= -p 1226"}

--- Command finished with exit code: 1 --- Exit code: 1

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && tail -3 scores.jsonl"}

{"ts": "2026-07-19T03:43:59Z", "seed": 32624, "cost": 73072331, "given_cost": 4487225657, "score": 5.9404, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T03:44:56Z", "seed": 32681, "cost": 72731846, "given_cost": 4482982200, "score": 5.9457, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T04:13:35Z", "seed": 32698, "cost": 72722827, "given_cost": 4483834536, "score": 5.9462, "full_gate": true} --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && callgrind_annotate callgrind.runner.out 2>/dev/null | grep -E \"^\\s*[0-9,]+\\s*\\(\" | sort -t'(' -k2 -rn | head -30"}

14,319,445 (100.0%) PROGRAM TOTALS 14,260,998 (99.59%) events annotated 14,260,998 (99.59%) /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c:float_print [/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/runner] 954,210 ( 6.66%) while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 804,048 ( 5.62%) return (uint32_t)(prod >> shift); 550,000 ( 3.84%) } 536,363 ( 3.75%) while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 535,836 ( 3.74%) const uint32_t c = output % 10000; 506,470 ( 3.54%) __uint128_t prod = (__uint128_t)factor * m; 475,009 ( 3.32%) memcpy(out + n, dig + 1, olength - 1); 429,927 ( 3.00%) if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { 401,336 ( 2.80%) lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 350,000 ( 2.44%) return n; 320,016 ( 2.23%) vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm % 10 == 0; 300,000 ( 2.10%) const uint32_t mmShift = ieeeMantissa != 0 || ieeeExponent <= 1; 278,797 ( 1.95%) int32_t E = v.exponent + (int32_t)olength - 1; 251,160 ( 1.75%) output = vr + (vr == vm || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); 248,220 ( 1.73%) memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 4, DIGIT_TABLE + c1, 2); 200,410 ( 1.40%) memcpy(out + n, dig, int_len); 200,000 ( 1.40%) size_t float_print(float f, char *out) { 197,232 ( 1.38%) const uint32_t c = (output % 100) << 1; 192,350 ( 1.34%) const uint32_t mm = 4 * m2 - 1 - mmShift; 183,639 ( 1.28%) vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 182,255 ( 1.27%) const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t)q; 172,424 ( 1.20%) if (!use_sci) { 165,480 ( 1.16%) memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 2, DIGIT_TABLE + c0, 2); 164,164 ( 1.15%) if (output >= 100) { 159,972 ( 1.12%) memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 2, DIGIT_TABLE + c, 2); 150,000 ( 1.05%) if (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0) { 150,000 ( 1.05%) const uint32_t ieeeExponent = (bits >> FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) & ((1u << FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS) - 1); --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | grep -A 60 \"<mulShift32\" | head -80"}

--- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | grep -A 5 \"<float_print>:\""}

00000000000013c0 <float_print>: 13c0: 48 81 ec 98 00 00 00 sub $0x98,%rsp 13c7: 64 4c 8b 04 25 28 00 mov %fs:0x28,%r8 13ce: 00 00 13d0: 4c 89 44 24 58 mov %r8,0x58(%rsp) 13d5: 49 89 f8 mov %rdi,%r8 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | awk '/<float_print>:/,/^$/' | grep -E \"mul|shrd|shr \" | head -40"}

13e1: c1 e8 17 shr $0x17,%eax 14a9: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 14ac: 48 0f ac d0 3b shrd $0x3b,%rdx,%rax 14b6: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 14b9: 48 0f ac d0 3b shrd $0x3b,%rdx,%rax 14ca: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 14cd: 48 0f ac d0 3b shrd $0x3b,%rdx,%rax 14de: 48 0f af c2 imul %rdx,%rax 14e5: 4c 0f af ea imul %rdx,%r13 14e9: 48 c1 e8 23 shr $0x23,%rax 14ed: 49 c1 ed 23 shr $0x23,%r13 150f: 48 0f af c1 imul %rcx,%rax 1513: 48 c1 e8 23 shr $0x23,%rax 154a: 48 0f af c1 imul %rcx,%rax 1554: 4c 0f af d9 imul %rcx,%r11 1558: 48 0f af f1 imul %rcx,%rsi 155c: 48 c1 e8 23 shr $0x23,%rax 1560: 49 c1 eb 23 shr $0x23,%r11 1564: 48 c1 ee 23 shr $0x23,%rsi 1710: 44 69 d2 41 34 01 00 imul $0x13441,%edx,%r10d 1717: 41 c1 ea 12 shr $0x12,%r10d 171b: 41 69 c2 4f 93 12 00 imul $0x12934f,%r10d,%eax 1732: c1 e8 13 shr $0x13,%eax 1748: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 174b: 48 0f ad d0 shrd %cl,%rdx,%rax 174f: 48 d3 ea shr %cl,%rdx 1766: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 1769: 48 0f ad d0 shrd %cl,%rdx,%rax 176d: 48 d3 ea shr %cl,%rdx 178c: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 178f: 48 0f ad d0 shrd %cl,%rdx,%rax 1793: 48 d3 ea shr %cl,%rdx 17a6: 4d 0f af de imul %r14,%r11 17aa: 49 c1 eb 23 shr $0x23,%r11 17c0: 49 0f af c6 imul %r14,%rax 17c4: 48 c1 e8 23 shr $0x23,%rax 17df: 69 c9 4f 93 12 00 imul $0x12934f,%ecx,%ecx 17e9: 48 f7 64 24 20 mulq 0x20(%rsp) 17ee: c1 e9 13 shr $0x13,%ecx 17f6: 48 0f ad d0 shrd %cl,%rdx,%rax --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | awk '/<float_print>:/,/^$/' | grep -B2 -A2 \"0xcccccccd\\|shr.*\\$0x22\\|shr.*\\$0x23\" | head -60"}

14ca: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 14cd: 48 0f ac d0 3b shrd $0x3b,%rdx,%rax 14d2: ba cd cc cc cc mov $0xcccccccd,%edx 14d7: 41 89 c5 mov %eax,%r13d 14da: 41 8d 47 ff lea -0x1(%r15),%eax -- 14e2: 4d 89 ec mov %r13,%r12 14e5: 4c 0f af ea imul %rdx,%r13 14e9: 48 c1 e8 23 shr $0x23,%rax 14ed: 49 c1 ed 23 shr $0x23,%r13 14f1: 4d 89 eb mov %r13,%r11 14f4: 41 39 c5 cmp %eax,%r13d -- 1502: 31 d2 xor %edx,%edx 1504: 8b 44 24 08 mov 0x8(%rsp),%eax 1508: b9 cd cc cc cc mov $0xcccccccd,%ecx 150d: 31 ff xor %edi,%edi 150f: 48 0f af c1 imul %rcx,%rax 1513: 48 c1 e8 23 shr $0x23,%rax 1517: 41 39 c3 cmp %eax,%r11d 151a: 73 5a jae 1576 <float_print+0x1b6> -- 1554: 4c 0f af d9 imul %rcx,%r11 1558: 48 0f af f1 imul %rcx,%rsi 155c: 48 c1 e8 23 shr $0x23,%rax 1560: 49 c1 eb 23 shr $0x23,%r11 1564: 48 c1 ee 23 shr $0x23,%rsi 1568: 41 39 c3 cmp %eax,%r11d 156b: 72 d3 jb 1540 <float_print+0x180> -- 1773: 48 0f 45 c2 cmovne %rdx,%rax 1777: 44 89 f2 mov %r14d,%edx 177a: 41 be cd cc cc cc mov $0xcccccccd,%r14d 1780: 48 89 54 24 30 mov %rdx,0x30(%rsp) 1785: 89 44 24 08 mov %eax,0x8(%rsp) -- 17a3: 4d 89 ec mov %r13,%r12 17a6: 4d 0f af de imul %r14,%r11 17aa: 49 c1 eb 23 shr $0x23,%r11 17ae: 45 85 d2 test %r10d,%r10d 17b1: 0f 84 09 03 00 00 je 1ac0 <float_print+0x700> -- 17bd: 8d 41 ff lea -0x1(%rcx),%eax 17c0: 49 0f af c6 imul %r14,%rax 17c4: 48 c1 e8 23 shr $0x23,%rax 17c8: 41 39 c3 cmp %eax,%r11d 17cb: 72 4b jb 1818 <float_print+0x458> -- 1806: 48 89 ca mov %rcx,%rdx 1809: 49 0f af ce imul %r14,%rcx 180d: 48 c1 e9 23 shr $0x23,%rcx 1811: 8d 04 89 lea (%rcx,%rcx,4),%eax 1814: 01 c0 add %eax,%eax -- 181c: 0f 87 e2 fc ff ff ja 1504 <float_print+0x144> 1822: 48 8b 4c 24 20 mov 0x20(%rsp),%rcx 1827: 41 be cd cc cc cc mov $0xcccccccd,%r14d 182d: 49 0f af ce imul %r14,%rcx 1831: 48 c1 e9 22 shr $0x22,%rcx 1835: 89 c8 mov %ecx,%eax --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | awk '/<mulShift32.*>:|<float_print>:/,0' | head -1\nobjdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | grep -c \"call.*mulShift\"\nnm runner | grep mulShift"}

00000000000013c0 <float_print>: 0 --- Command finished with exit code: 1 --- Exit code: 1

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | awk '/<float_print>:/,/^$/' | wc -l"}

1006 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | sed -n '/1748:/,/17e0:/p' | head -80"}

1748: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 174b: 48 0f ad d0 shrd %cl,%rdx,%rax 174f: 48 d3 ea shr %cl,%rdx 1752: f6 c1 40 test $0x40,%cl 1755: 48 0f 45 c2 cmovne %rdx,%rax 1759: 44 89 ea mov %r13d,%edx 175c: 48 89 54 24 10 mov %rdx,0x10(%rsp) 1761: 89 c6 mov %eax,%esi 1763: 48 89 d0 mov %rdx,%rax 1766: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 1769: 48 0f ad d0 shrd %cl,%rdx,%rax 176d: 48 d3 ea shr %cl,%rdx 1770: f6 c1 40 test $0x40,%cl 1773: 48 0f 45 c2 cmovne %rdx,%rax 1777: 44 89 f2 mov %r14d,%edx 177a: 41 be cd cc cc cc mov $0xcccccccd,%r14d 1780: 48 89 54 24 30 mov %rdx,0x30(%rsp) 1785: 89 44 24 08 mov %eax,0x8(%rsp) 1789: 48 89 d0 mov %rdx,%rax 178c: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 178f: 48 0f ad d0 shrd %cl,%rdx,%rax 1793: 48 d3 ea shr %cl,%rdx 1796: f6 c1 40 test $0x40,%cl 1799: 48 0f 45 c2 cmovne %rdx,%rax 179d: 41 89 c5 mov %eax,%r13d 17a0: 4d 89 eb mov %r13,%r11 17a3: 4d 89 ec mov %r13,%r12 17a6: 4d 0f af de imul %r14,%r11 17aa: 49 c1 eb 23 shr $0x23,%r11 17ae: 45 85 d2 test %r10d,%r10d 17b1: 0f 84 09 03 00 00 je 1ac0 <float_print+0x700> 17b7: 8b 4c 24 08 mov 0x8(%rsp),%ecx 17bb: 31 d2 xor %edx,%edx 17bd: 8d 41 ff lea -0x1(%rcx),%eax 17c0: 49 0f af c6 imul %r14,%rax 17c4: 48 c1 e8 23 shr $0x23,%rax 17c8: 41 39 c3 cmp %eax,%r11d 17cb: 72 4b jb 1818 <float_print+0x458> 17cd: 41 8d 42 ff lea -0x1(%r10),%eax 17d1: 48 8d 15 68 23 00 00 lea 0x2368(%rip),%rdx # 3b40 <FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT_HI> 17d8: 48 89 c1 mov %rax,%rcx 17db: 48 8b 04 c2 mov (%rdx,%rax,8),%rax 17df: 69 c9 4f 93 12 00 imul $0x12934f,%ecx,%ecx 17e5: 48 83 c0 01 add $0x1,%rax 17e9: 48 f7 64 24 20 mulq 0x20(%rsp) 17ee: c1 e9 13 shr $0x13,%ecx 17f1: 41 8d 4c 0f 3c lea 0x3c(%r15,%rcx,1),%ecx 17f6: 48 0f ad d0 shrd %cl,%rdx,%rax 17fa: 48 d3 ea shr %cl,%rdx 17fd: f6 c1 40 test $0x40,%cl 1800: 48 0f 45 c2 cmovne %rdx,%rax 1804: 89 c1 mov %eax,%ecx 1806: 48 89 ca mov %rcx,%rdx 1809: 49 0f af ce imul %r14,%rcx 180d: 48 c1 e9 23 shr $0x23,%rcx 1811: 8d 04 89 lea (%rcx,%rcx,4),%eax 1814: 01 c0 add %eax,%eax 1816: 29 c2 sub %eax,%edx 1818: 41 83 fa 09 cmp $0x9,%r10d 181c: 0f 87 e2 fc ff ff ja 1504 <float_print+0x144> 1822: 48 8b 4c 24 20 mov 0x20(%rsp),%rcx 1827: 41 be cd cc cc cc mov $0xcccccccd,%r14d 182d: 49 0f af ce imul %r14,%rcx 1831: 48 c1 e9 22 shr $0x22,%rcx 1835: 89 c8 mov %ecx,%eax 1837: 44 8d 3c 89 lea (%rcx,%rcx,4),%r15d 183b: 89 d9 mov %ebx,%ecx 183d: 44 29 f9 sub %r15d,%ecx 1840: 0f 84 fa 00 00 00 je 1940 <float_print+0x580> 1846: 83 e7 01 and $0x1,%edi 1849: 0f 85 e9 05 00 00 jne 1e38 <float_print+0xa78> 184f: 48 8b 4c 24 30 mov 0x30(%rsp),%rcx 1854: 49 0f af ce imul %r14,%rcx 1858: 48 c1 e9 22 shr $0x22,%rcx 185c: 89 c8 mov %ecx,%eax 185e: 8d 3c 89 lea (%rcx,%rcx,4),%edi 1861: 8b 4c 24 2c mov 0x2c(%rsp),%ecx 1865: 29 f9 sub %edi,%ecx 1867: 0f 85 23 09 00 00 jne 2190 <float_print+0xdd0> 186d: 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission && head -25 solve.c"}

// solve.c — fast shortest round-trip float printing (Ryu-style algorithm). // // Based on the public-domain-equivalent (Apache-2.0 / Boost) Ryu algorithm by // Ulf Adams (https://github.com/ulfjack/ryu), adapted into a single // self-contained file, with output formatting rewritten to match this task's // required grammar (lowercase 'e', no leading '+' on the exponent). // // Algorithm summary: decode the float into mantissa*2^exp2, compute the // interval of decimal values that round to the same float, and find the // shortest decimal mantissa within that interval using fixed-point // multiplication by precomputed powers of 5 (avoiding any big-int/loop // search over precisions like the naive snprintf approach). #include <stdint.h> #include <stddef.h> #include <stdbool.h> #include <string.h> #include <math.h> #include "pow5_tables.h" #define FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS 23 #define FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS 8 #define FLOAT_BIAS 127 #define FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT (125 - 64) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission && cat > /tmp/shifttest.c <<'EOF'\n#include <stdint.h>\n#include <stdio.h>\n#include <stdbool.h>\n#include \"pow5_tables.h\"\n\n#define FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS 23\n#define FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS 8\n#define FLOAT_BIAS 127\n#define FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT (125 - 64)\n#define FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT (125 - 64)\n\nstatic inline int32_t pow5bits(const int32_t e) {\n return (int32_t)(((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19) + 1);\n}\nstatic inline uint32_t log10Pow2(const int32_t e) {\n return (((uint32_t)e) * 78913u) >> 18;\n}\nstatic inline uint32_t log10Pow5(const int32_t e) {\n return (((uint32_t)e) * 732923u) >> 20;\n}\n\nint main() {\n int32_t minj = 1000000, maxj = -1000000;\n for (uint32_t ieeeExponent = 0; ieeeExponent < 255; ieeeExponent++) {\n int32_t e2;\n if (ieeeExponent == 0) e2 = 1 - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2;\n else e2 = (int32_t)ieeeExponent - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2;\n if (e2 >= 0) {\n const uint32_t q = log10Pow2(e2);\n const int32_t k = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)q) - 1;\n const int32_t i = -e2 + (int32_t)q + k;\n if (i < minj) minj = i;\n if (i > maxj) maxj = i;\n if (q != 0) {\n const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1;\n int32_t j2 = -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l;\n if (j2 < minj) minj = j2;\n if (j2 > maxj) maxj = j2;\n }\n } else {\n const uint32_t q = log10Pow5(-e2);\n const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t)q;\n const int32_t k = pow5bits(i) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT;\n int32_t j = (int32_t)q - k;\n if (j < minj) minj = j;\n if (j > maxj) maxj = j;\n int32_t j3 = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT);\n if (j3 < minj) minj = j3;\n if (j3 > maxj) maxj = j3;\n }\n }\n printf(\"minj=%d maxj=%d\\n\", minj, maxj);\n return 0;\n}\nEOF\ncc -O2 -I. /tmp/shifttest.c -o /tmp/shifttest && /tmp/shifttest"}

minj=54 maxj=61 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": "static inline uint32_t mulShift32(const uint32_t m, const uint64_t factor, const int32_t shift) {\n // factor is 64 bits, m is 32 bits: the product fits in 96 bits, so a\n // single 128-bit multiply (native on x86_64) is both simpler and faster\n // than the manual 32x32 split used by the reference Ryu implementation\n // (which targeted platforms without fast 64x64->128 multiply).\n // shift is always in [54, 61] for float32 (verified exhaustively over all\n // exponents); tell the compiler so it can emit a plain shift instead of a\n // generic variable-shift-with-overflow-check sequence.\n if (shift < 32 || shift >= 64) __builtin_unreachable();\n __uint128_t prod = (__uint128_t)factor * m;\n return (uint32_t)(prod >> shift);\n}", "old_string": "static inline uint32_t mulShift32(const uint32_t m, const uint64_t factor, const int32_t shift) {\n // factor is 64 bits, m is 32 bits: the product fits in 96 bits, so a\n // single 128-bit multiply (native on x86_64) is both simpler and faster\n // than the manual 32x32 split used by the reference Ryu implementation\n // (which targeted platforms without fast 64x64->128 multiply).\n __uint128_t prod = (__uint128_t)factor * m;\n return (uint32_t)(prod >> shift);\n}"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 89+ // shift is always in [54, 61] for float32 (verified exhaustively over all 90+ // exponents); tell the compiler so it can emit a plain shift instead of a 91+ // generic variable-shift-with-overflow-check sequence. 92+ if (shift < 32 || shift >= 64) __builtin_unreachable(); Context after edit (lines 81-98): 81│ return (value & ((1u << p) - 1)) == 0; 82│ } 83│ 84│ static inline uint32_t mulShift32(const uint32_t m, const uint64_t factor, const int32_t shift) { 85│ // factor is 64 bits, m is 32 bits: the product fits in 96 bits, so a 86│ // single 128-bit multiply (native on x86_64) is both simpler and faster 87│ // than the manual 32x32 split used by the reference Ryu implementation 88│ // (which targeted platforms without fast 64x64->128 multiply). 89│ // shift is always in [54, 61] for float32 (verified exhaustively over all 90│ // exponents); tell the compiler so it can emit a plain shift instead of a 91│ // generic variable-shift-with-overflow-check sequence. 92│ if (shift < 32 || shift >= 64) __builtin_unreachable(); 93│ __uint128_t prod = (__uint128_t)factor * m; 94│ return (uint32_t)(prod >> shift); 95│ } 96│ 97│ static inline uint32_t mulPow5InvDivPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t q, const int32_t j) { 98│ return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT_HI[q] + 1, j);

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -10"}

build 1.2s verify 6.2s PASS measure 6.9s 72,707,398 instructions (given: 4,488,787,219) SCORE +5.9481 (61.738x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | awk '/<float_print>:/,/^$/' | grep -E \"shrd|shr .cl|mul \" | head -20"}

14a9: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 14ac: 48 0f ac d0 3b shrd $0x3b,%rdx,%rax 14b6: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 14b9: 48 0f ac d0 3b shrd $0x3b,%rdx,%rax 14ca: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 14cd: 48 0f ac d0 3b shrd $0x3b,%rdx,%rax 14de: 48 0f af c2 imul %rdx,%rax 14e5: 4c 0f af ea imul %rdx,%r13 150f: 48 0f af c1 imul %rcx,%rax 154a: 48 0f af c1 imul %rcx,%rax 1554: 4c 0f af d9 imul %rcx,%r11 1558: 48 0f af f1 imul %rcx,%rsi 1710: 44 69 d2 41 34 01 00 imul $0x13441,%edx,%r10d 171b: 41 69 c2 4f 93 12 00 imul $0x12934f,%r10d,%eax 1748: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 174b: 48 0f ad d0 shrd %cl,%rdx,%rax 1766: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 1769: 48 0f ad d0 shrd %cl,%rdx,%rax 178c: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 178f: 48 0f ad d0 shrd %cl,%rdx,%rax --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cat > /tmp/shifttest2.c <<'EOF'\n#include <stdint.h>\n#include <stdio.h>\n#include \"pow5_tables.h\"\n#define FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS 23\n#define FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS 8\n#define FLOAT_BIAS 127\n#define FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT (125 - 64)\n#define FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT (125 - 64)\nstatic inline int32_t pow5bits(const int32_t e) {\n return (int32_t)(((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19) + 1);\n}\nstatic inline uint32_t log10Pow2(const int32_t e) {\n return (((uint32_t)e) * 78913u) >> 18;\n}\nstatic inline uint32_t log10Pow5(const int32_t e) {\n return (((uint32_t)e) * 732923u) >> 20;\n}\nint main() {\n int32_t minj_pos=1000,maxj_pos=-1000,minj_neg=1000,maxj_neg=-1000;\n for (uint32_t ieeeExponent = 0; ieeeExponent < 255; ieeeExponent++) {\n int32_t e2;\n if (ieeeExponent == 0) e2 = 1 - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2;\n else e2 = (int32_t)ieeeExponent - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2;\n if (e2 >= 0) {\n const uint32_t q = log10Pow2(e2);\n const int32_t k = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)q) - 1;\n const int32_t i = -e2 + (int32_t)q + k;\n if (i<minj_pos)minj_pos=i; if(i>maxj_pos)maxj_pos=i;\n if (q != 0) {\n const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1;\n int32_t j2 = -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l;\n if (j2<minj_pos)minj_pos=j2; if(j2>maxj_pos)maxj_pos=j2;\n }\n } else {\n const uint32_t q = log10Pow5(-e2);\n const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t)q;\n const int32_t k = pow5bits(i) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT;\n int32_t j = (int32_t)q - k;\n if (j<minj_neg)minj_neg=j; if(j>maxj_neg)maxj_neg=j;\n int32_t j3 = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT);\n if (j3<minj_neg)minj_neg=j3; if(j3>maxj_neg)maxj_neg=j3;\n }\n }\n printf(\"pos: [%d,%d] neg: [%d,%d]\\n\", minj_pos,maxj_pos,minj_neg,maxj_neg);\n}\nEOF\ncc -O2 -I /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission /tmp/shifttest2.c -o /tmp/shifttest2 && /tmp/shifttest2"}

pos: [54,61] neg: [54,60] --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | sed -n '/1740:/,/17b5:/p'"}

--- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | sed -n '/13c0 <float_print>:/,/1450:/p' | head -60"}

00000000000013c0 <float_print>: 13c0: 48 81 ec 98 00 00 00 sub $0x98,%rsp 13c7: 64 4c 8b 04 25 28 00 mov %fs:0x28,%r8 13ce: 00 00 13d0: 4c 89 44 24 58 mov %r8,0x58(%rsp) 13d5: 49 89 f8 mov %rdi,%r8 13d8: 66 0f 7e c7 movd %xmm0,%edi 13dc: 89 f8 mov %edi,%eax 13de: 41 89 f9 mov %edi,%r9d 13e1: c1 e8 17 shr $0x17,%eax 13e4: 41 81 e1 ff ff 7f 00 and $0x7fffff,%r9d 13eb: 0f b6 c0 movzbl %al,%eax 13ee: 3d ff 00 00 00 cmp $0xff,%eax 13f3: 0f 84 9f 02 00 00 je 1698 <float_print+0x2d8> 13f9: 44 89 c9 mov %r9d,%ecx 13fc: 09 c1 or %eax,%ecx 13fe: 75 30 jne 1430 <float_print+0x70> 1400: 85 ff test %edi,%edi 1402: 0f 88 18 0a 00 00 js 1e20 <float_print+0xa60> 1408: 41 c6 00 30 movb $0x30,(%r8) 140c: b8 01 00 00 00 mov $0x1,%eax 1411: 48 8b 54 24 58 mov 0x58(%rsp),%rdx 1416: 64 48 2b 14 25 28 00 sub %fs:0x28,%rdx 141d: 00 00 141f: 0f 85 a1 0e 00 00 jne 22c6 <float_print+0xf06> 1425: 48 81 c4 98 00 00 00 add $0x98,%rsp 142c: c3 ret 142d: 0f 1f 00 nopl (%rax) 1430: 48 89 5c 24 68 mov %rbx,0x68(%rsp) 1435: 48 89 6c 24 70 mov %rbp,0x70(%rsp) 143a: 4c 89 64 24 78 mov %r12,0x78(%rsp) 143f: 4c 89 ac 24 80 00 00 mov %r13,0x80(%rsp) 1446: 00 1447: 4c 89 b4 24 88 00 00 mov %r14,0x88(%rsp) 144e: 00 144f: 4c 89 bc 24 90 00 00 mov %r15,0x90(%rsp) 1456: 00 1457: 48 c7 04 24 00 00 00 movq $0x0,(%rsp) 145e: 00 145f: 85 ff test %edi,%edi 1461: 0f 88 99 04 00 00 js 1900 <float_print+0x540> 1467: f7 c7 00 00 00 7f test $0x7f000000,%edi 146d: 41 0f 94 c2 sete %r10b 1471: 45 85 c9 test %r9d,%r9d 1474: 0f 95 c2 setne %dl 1477: 41 09 d2 or %edx,%r10d 147a: 41 0f b6 ca movzbl %r10b,%ecx 147e: 85 c0 test %eax,%eax 1480: 0f 85 42 02 00 00 jne 16c8 <float_print+0x308> 1486: 49 bb 0d c6 33 54 ec movabs $0x1c06a5ec5433c60d,%r11 148d: a5 06 1c 1490: 42 8d 04 8d 00 00 00 lea 0x0(,%r9,4),%eax 1497: 00 1498: 48 c7 44 24 18 00 00 movq $0x0,0x18(%rsp) 149f: 00 00 14a1: 48 89 c3 mov %rax,%rbx 14a4: 48 89 44 24 10 mov %rax,0x10(%rsp) 14a9: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 14ac: 48 0f ac d0 3b shrd $0x3b,%rdx,%rax 14b1: 89 c6 mov %eax,%esi --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | sed -n '/1740:/,/17a5:/p'"}

--- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | grep -n \"1748:\" "}

488: 1748: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && for i in 1 2 3; do ./grade 2>&1 | tail -1; done"}

SCORE +5.9457 (61.638x) SCORE +5.9465 (61.672x) SCORE +5.9456 (61.633x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | sed -n '/13f9:/,/14a9:/p'"}

13f9: 44 89 c9 mov %r9d,%ecx 13fc: 09 c1 or %eax,%ecx 13fe: 75 30 jne 1430 <float_print+0x70> 1400: 85 ff test %edi,%edi 1402: 0f 88 18 0a 00 00 js 1e20 <float_print+0xa60> 1408: 41 c6 00 30 movb $0x30,(%r8) 140c: b8 01 00 00 00 mov $0x1,%eax 1411: 48 8b 54 24 58 mov 0x58(%rsp),%rdx 1416: 64 48 2b 14 25 28 00 sub %fs:0x28,%rdx 141d: 00 00 141f: 0f 85 a1 0e 00 00 jne 22c6 <float_print+0xf06> 1425: 48 81 c4 98 00 00 00 add $0x98,%rsp 142c: c3 ret 142d: 0f 1f 00 nopl (%rax) 1430: 48 89 5c 24 68 mov %rbx,0x68(%rsp) 1435: 48 89 6c 24 70 mov %rbp,0x70(%rsp) 143a: 4c 89 64 24 78 mov %r12,0x78(%rsp) 143f: 4c 89 ac 24 80 00 00 mov %r13,0x80(%rsp) 1446: 00 1447: 4c 89 b4 24 88 00 00 mov %r14,0x88(%rsp) 144e: 00 144f: 4c 89 bc 24 90 00 00 mov %r15,0x90(%rsp) 1456: 00 1457: 48 c7 04 24 00 00 00 movq $0x0,(%rsp) 145e: 00 145f: 85 ff test %edi,%edi 1461: 0f 88 99 04 00 00 js 1900 <float_print+0x540> 1467: f7 c7 00 00 00 7f test $0x7f000000,%edi 146d: 41 0f 94 c2 sete %r10b 1471: 45 85 c9 test %r9d,%r9d 1474: 0f 95 c2 setne %dl 1477: 41 09 d2 or %edx,%r10d 147a: 41 0f b6 ca movzbl %r10b,%ecx 147e: 85 c0 test %eax,%eax 1480: 0f 85 42 02 00 00 jne 16c8 <float_print+0x308> 1486: 49 bb 0d c6 33 54 ec movabs $0x1c06a5ec5433c60d,%r11 148d: a5 06 1c 1490: 42 8d 04 8d 00 00 00 lea 0x0(,%r9,4),%eax 1497: 00 1498: 48 c7 44 24 18 00 00 movq $0x0,0x18(%rsp) 149f: 00 00 14a1: 48 89 c3 mov %rax,%rbx 14a4: 48 89 44 24 10 mov %rax,0x10(%rsp) 14a9: 49 f7 e3 mul %r11 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && cat ../grade 2>/dev/null | head -3\ngrep -n \"CFLAGS\" /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/harness/grade.py 2>/dev/null\nfind / -name grade.py 2>/dev/null | head"}

#!/usr/bin/env python3 import os, sys sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), "..", "..", "harness")) 23: CFLAGS = ["-O2", "-std=c17", "-fno-lto", "-g"] + (extra_cflags or []) 41: sh(["cc", *CFLAGS, "-I", SUB, *sub_srcs, *refs, 44: sh(["cc", *CFLAGS, "-I", SUB, *sub_srcs, 47: sh(["cc", *CFLAGS, "-DRUNNER_GIVEN", /opt/jcode-bench/harness/grade.py /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/harness/grade.py --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "gcc -Q --help=common 2>/dev/null | grep -i stack-protector\necho \"---\"\necho | gcc -dM -E -O2 - | grep -i stack"}

-Wstack-protector [disabled] -fstack-protector [disabled] -fstack-protector-all [disabled] -fstack-protector-explicit [disabled] -fstack-protector-strong [enabled] --- --- Command finished with exit code: 1 --- Exit code: 1

{"command": "echo 'int f(){return 0;}' > /tmp/nostack.c\ngcc -O2 -S /tmp/nostack.c -o /tmp/nostack.s\ngrep -c \"stack_chk\" /tmp/nostack.s\ncat > /tmp/nostack2.c <<'EOF'\n__attribute__((no_stack_protector))\nint f(char *buf){ char x[200]; buf[0]=x[0]; return 0;}\nEOF\ngcc -O2 -S /tmp/nostack2.c -o /tmp/nostack2.s\ngrep -c \"stack_chk\" /tmp/nostack2.s"}

0 0 --- Command finished with exit code: 1 --- Exit code: 1

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission && grep -n \"size_t float_print\\|format_value(uint32_t\" solve.c"}

244:static inline size_t format_value(uint32_t output, uint32_t olength, int32_t E, char *out) { 292:size_t float_print(float f, char *out) { --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "old_string": "size_t float_print(float f, char *out) {", "new_string": "__attribute__((no_stack_protector))\nsize_t float_print(float f, char *out) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 292+ __attribute__((no_stack_protector)) Context after edit (lines 289-296): 289│ return n; 290│ } 291│ 292│ __attribute__((no_stack_protector)) 293│ size_t float_print(float f, char *out) { 294│ uint32_t bits; 295│ memcpy(&bits, &f, 4); 296│

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -10"}

build 1.2s verify 6.2s PASS measure 7.0s 71,279,995 instructions (given: 4,482,971,707) SCORE +5.9748 (62.892x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | grep -c \"fs:0x28\""}

2 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && for i in 1 2 3; do ./grade 2>&1 | tail -1; done"}

SCORE +5.9755 (62.922x) SCORE +5.9748 (62.890x) SCORE +5.9752 (62.909x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && callgrind_annotate callgrind.runner.out 2>/dev/null | grep -E \"^\\s*[0-9,]+\\s*\\(\" | sort -t'(' -k2 -rn | head -30"}

14,054,566 (100.0%) PROGRAM TOTALS 13,996,012 (99.58%) events annotated 13,996,012 (99.58%) /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c:float_print [/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/runner] 990,806 ( 7.05%) while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 804,548 ( 5.72%) return (uint32_t)(prod >> shift); 735,506 ( 5.23%) while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 534,645 ( 3.80%) const uint32_t c = output % 10000; 506,926 ( 3.61%) __uint128_t prod = (__uint128_t)factor * m; 473,643 ( 3.37%) memcpy(out + n, dig + 1, olength - 1); 400,619 ( 2.85%) lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 400,000 ( 2.85%) } 400,000 ( 2.85%) size_t float_print(float f, char *out) { 319,470 ( 2.27%) vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm % 10 == 0; 300,000 ( 2.13%) const uint32_t mmShift = ieeeMantissa != 0 || ieeeExponent <= 1; 278,948 ( 1.98%) int32_t E = v.exponent + (int32_t)olength - 1; 273,750 ( 1.95%) if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { 251,412 ( 1.79%) output = vr + (vr == vm || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); 247,734 ( 1.76%) memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 4, DIGIT_TABLE + c1, 2); 200,758 ( 1.43%) memcpy(out + n, dig, int_len); 196,644 ( 1.40%) const uint32_t c = (output % 100) << 1; 192,317 ( 1.37%) const uint32_t mm = 4 * m2 - 1 - mmShift; 185,148 ( 1.32%) vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 182,060 ( 1.30%) const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t)q; 172,292 ( 1.23%) if (!use_sci) { 165,156 ( 1.18%) memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 2, DIGIT_TABLE + c0, 2); 163,748 ( 1.17%) if (output >= 100) { 159,545 ( 1.14%) memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 2, DIGIT_TABLE + c, 2); 150,000 ( 1.07%) if (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0) { 150,000 ( 1.07%) const uint32_t ieeeExponent = (bits >> FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) & ((1u << FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS) - 1); 145,648 ( 1.04%) return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_SPLIT_HI[i], j); --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "python3 -c \"print(71279995/50000)\""}

1425.5999 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | sed -n '/1e70:/,/1f10:/p' | head -70"}

--- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "start_line": 193, "limit": 10}

193 if (vrIsTrailingZeros && lastRemovedDigit == 5 && vr % 2 == 0) { 194 lastRemovedDigit = 4; 195 } 196 output = vr + ((vr == vm && (!acceptBounds || !vmIsTrailingZeros)) || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); 197 } else { 198 while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 199 lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 200 vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 201 ++removed; 202 } ... 120 more lines (use start_line=203 to continue)

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && objdump -d runner 2>/dev/null | awk '/<float_print>:/,/^$/' > /tmp/fp_asm.txt\nwc -l /tmp/fp_asm.txt\ngrep -n \"jae\\|jbe\\|ja \\|jb \" /tmp/fp_asm.txt | head -20"}

979 /tmp/fp_asm.txt 69: 14ae: 0f 83 1c 08 00 00 jae 1cd0 <float_print+0x910> 78: 14d1: 73 63 jae 1536 <float_print+0x176> 101: 152b: 72 d3 jb 1500 <float_print+0x140> 114: 154f: 0f 87 fb 04 00 00 ja 1a50 <float_print+0x690> 116: 155b: 0f 87 0f 08 00 00 ja 1d70 <float_print+0x9b0> 118: 1567: 0f 87 53 0a 00 00 ja 1fc0 <float_print+0xc00> 120: 1573: 0f 87 8f 0a 00 00 ja 2008 <float_print+0xc48> 122: 157f: 0f 87 a9 0a 00 00 ja 202e <float_print+0xc6e> 124: 158b: 0f 87 c3 0a 00 00 ja 2054 <float_print+0xc94> 126: 1594: 0f 87 fb 0a 00 00 ja 2095 <float_print+0xcd5> 129: 15a1: 0f 87 69 09 00 00 ja 1f10 <float_print+0xb50> 250: 176b: 72 4b jb 17b8 <float_print+0x3f8> 272: 17bc: 0f 87 f9 fc ff ff ja 14bb <float_print+0xfb> 303: 183c: 76 e2 jbe 1820 <float_print+0x460> 305: 1841: 0f 82 74 fc ff ff jb 14bb <float_print+0xfb> 313: 1863: 0f 82 bb 00 00 00 jb 1924 <float_print+0x564> 318: 1879: 0f 86 27 01 00 00 jbe 19a6 <float_print+0x5e6> 350: 18fc: 76 e2 jbe 18e0 <float_print+0x520> 352: 1901: 0f 82 b4 fb ff ff jb 14bb <float_print+0xfb> 359: 191e: 0f 83 e4 00 00 00 jae 1a08 <float_print+0x648> --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "grep -n \"vp / 10 > vm / 10\" /tmp/fp_asm.txt"}

--- Command finished with exit code: 1 --- Exit code: 1

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission && sed -n '160,175p' solve.c"}

j = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT); lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)(i + 1), j) % 10); } if (q <= 1) { vrIsTrailingZeros = true; if (acceptBounds) { vmIsTrailingZeros = mmShift == 1; } else { --vp; } } else if (q < 31) { vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf2_32(mv, q - 1); } } int32_t removed = 0; --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": "__attribute__((no_stack_protector, optimize(\"O3\")))\nsize_t float_print(float f, char *out) {", "old_string": "__attribute__((no_stack_protector))\nsize_t float_print(float f, char *out) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 292- __attribute__((no_stack_protector)) 292+ __attribute__((no_stack_protector, optimize("O3"))) Context after edit (lines 289-296): 289│ return n; 290│ } 291│ 292│ __attribute__((no_stack_protector, optimize("O3"))) 293│ size_t float_print(float f, char *out) { 294│ uint32_t bits; 295│ memcpy(&bits, &f, 4); 296│

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -5"}

build 1.3s verify 6.2s PASS measure 6.9s 71,723,205 instructions (given: 4,489,609,407) SCORE +5.9680 (62.596x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": "__attribute__((no_stack_protector))\nsize_t float_print(float f, char *out) {", "old_string": "__attribute__((no_stack_protector, optimize(\"O3\")))\nsize_t float_print(float f, char *out) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 292- __attribute__((no_stack_protector, optimize("O3"))) 292+ __attribute__((no_stack_protector)) Context after edit (lines 289-296): 289│ return n; 290│ } 291│ 292│ __attribute__((no_stack_protector)) 293│ size_t float_print(float f, char *out) { 294│ uint32_t bits; 295│ memcpy(&bits, &f, 4); 296│

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission && sed -n '170,205p' solve.c"}

} else if (q < 31) { vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf2_32(mv, q - 1); } } int32_t removed = 0; uint32_t output; if (vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros) { while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm % 10 == 0; vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; ++removed; } if (vmIsTrailingZeros) { while (vm % 10 == 0) { vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; ++removed; } } if (vrIsTrailingZeros && lastRemovedDigit == 5 && vr % 2 == 0) { lastRemovedDigit = 4; } output = vr + ((vr == vm && (!acceptBounds || !vmIsTrailingZeros)) || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); } else { while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; ++removed; } output = vr + (vr == vm || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); } const int32_t exp = e10 + removed; --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": " int32_t removed = 0;\n uint32_t output;\n if (__builtin_expect(vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros, 0)) {", "old_string": " int32_t removed = 0;\n uint32_t output;\n if (vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 177- if (vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros) { 177+ if (__builtin_expect(vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros, 0)) { Context after edit (lines 172-180): 172│ } 173│ } 174│ 175│ int32_t removed = 0; 176│ uint32_t output; 177│ if (__builtin_expect(vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros, 0)) { 178│ while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 179│ vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm % 10 == 0; 180│ vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0;

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && for i in 1 2; do ./grade 2>&1 | tail -1; done"}

SCORE +6.0147 (64.657x) SCORE +6.0124 (64.550x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -10"}

build 1.2s verify 6.2s PASS measure 6.9s 69,411,011 instructions (given: 4,486,008,141) SCORE +6.0141 (64.630x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission && sed -n '125,175p' solve.c"}

int32_t e10; bool vmIsTrailingZeros = false; bool vrIsTrailingZeros = false; uint8_t lastRemovedDigit = 0; if (e2 >= 0) { const uint32_t q = log10Pow2(e2); e10 = (int32_t)q; const int32_t k = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)q) - 1; const int32_t i = -e2 + (int32_t)q + k; vr = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q, i); vp = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mp, q, i); vm = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mm, q, i); if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1; lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10); } if (q <= 9) { if (mv % 5 == 0) { vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mv, q); } else if (acceptBounds) { vmIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mm, q); } else { vp -= multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mp, q); } } } else { const uint32_t q = log10Pow5(-e2); e10 = (int32_t)q + e2; const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t)q; const int32_t k = pow5bits(i) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT; int32_t j = (int32_t)q - k; vr = mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)i, j); vp = mulPow5divPow2(mp, (uint32_t)i, j); vm = mulPow5divPow2(mm, (uint32_t)i, j); if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { j = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT); lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)(i + 1), j) % 10); } if (q <= 1) { vrIsTrailingZeros = true; if (acceptBounds) { vmIsTrailingZeros = mmShift == 1; } else { --vp; } } else if (q < 31) { vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf2_32(mv, q - 1); } } int32_t removed = 0; --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": " if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) {\n const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1;\n lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10);\n }", "old_string": " if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) {\n const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1;\n lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10);\n }"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 137- if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { 137+ if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) { Context after edit (lines 134-143): 134│ vr = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q, i); 135│ vp = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mp, q, i); 136│ vm = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mm, q, i); 137│ if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) { 138│ const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1; 139│ lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10); 140│ } 141│ if (q <= 9) { 142│ if (mv % 5 == 0) { 143│ vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mv, q);

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": " if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) {\n j = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT);\n lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)(i + 1), j) % 10);\n }", "old_string": " if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) {\n j = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT);\n lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)(i + 1), j) % 10);\n }"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 159- if (q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10) { 159+ if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) { Context after edit (lines 156-165): 156│ vr = mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)i, j); 157│ vp = mulPow5divPow2(mp, (uint32_t)i, j); 158│ vm = mulPow5divPow2(mm, (uint32_t)i, j); 159│ if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) { 160│ j = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT); 161│ lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)(i + 1), j) % 10); 162│ } 163│ if (q <= 1) { 164│ vrIsTrailingZeros = true; 165│ if (acceptBounds) {

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -5"}

build 1.2s verify 6.2s PASS measure 7.0s 69,069,536 instructions (given: 4,490,234,098) SCORE +6.0226 (65.010x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission && sed -n '1,320p' solve.c | grep -n \"if (\" "}

42: if (v >= 100000000u) return 9; 43: if (v >= 10000000u) return 8; 44: if (v >= 1000000u) return 7; 45: if (v >= 100000u) return 6; 46: if (v >= 10000u) return 5; 47: if (v >= 1000u) return 4; 48: if (v >= 100u) return 3; 49: if (v >= 10u) return 2; 71: if (r != 0) break; 92: if (shift < 32 || shift >= 64) __builtin_unreachable(); 109: if (ieeeExponent == 0) { 129: if (e2 >= 0) { 137: if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) { 141: if (q <= 9) { 142: if (mv % 5 == 0) { 144: } else if (acceptBounds) { 159: if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) { 163: if (q <= 1) { 165: if (acceptBounds) { 170: } else if (q < 31) { 177: if (__builtin_expect(vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros, 0)) { 185: if (vmIsTrailingZeros) { 193: if (vrIsTrailingZeros && lastRemovedDigit == 5 && vr % 2 == 0) { 225: if (output >= 100) { 231: if (output >= 10) { 252: if (!use_sci) { 253: if (E >= 0) { 258: if (int_len < olength) { 274: if (olength > 1) { 281: if (exp < 0) { out[n++] = '-'; exp = -exp; } 282: if (exp >= 10) { 301: if (ieeeExponent == 255) { 302: if (ieeeMantissa != 0) { memcpy(out, "nan", 3); return 3; } 303: if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, "-inf", 4); return 4; } 307: if (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0) { 308: if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, "-0", 2); return 2; } 314: if (ieeeSign) out[n++] = '-'; --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": " if (__builtin_expect(ieeeExponent == 255, 0)) {\n if (ieeeMantissa != 0) { memcpy(out, \"nan\", 3); return 3; }\n if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, \"-inf\", 4); return 4; }\n memcpy(out, \"inf\", 3);\n return 3;\n }\n if (__builtin_expect(ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0, 0)) {", "old_string": " if (ieeeExponent == 255) {\n if (ieeeMantissa != 0) { memcpy(out, \"nan\", 3); return 3; }\n if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, \"-inf\", 4); return 4; }\n memcpy(out, \"inf\", 3);\n return 3;\n }\n if (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 301- if (ieeeExponent == 255) { 301+ if (__builtin_expect(ieeeExponent == 255, 0)) { 307- if (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0) { 307+ if (__builtin_expect(ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0, 0)) { Context after edit (lines 298-310): 298│ const uint32_t ieeeMantissa = bits & ((1u << FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) - 1); 299│ const uint32_t ieeeExponent = (bits >> FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) & ((1u << FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS) - 1); 300│ 301│ if (__builtin_expect(ieeeExponent == 255, 0)) { 302│ if (ieeeMantissa != 0) { memcpy(out, "nan", 3); return 3; } 303│ if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, "-inf", 4); return 4; } 304│ memcpy(out, "inf", 3); 305│ return 3; 306│ } 307│ if (__builtin_expect(ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0, 0)) { 308│ if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, "-0", 2); return 2; } 309│ out[0] = '0'; 310│ return 1;

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -5"}

build 1.2s verify 6.2s PASS measure 6.9s 69,857,331 instructions (given: 4,487,925,000) SCORE +6.0055 (64.244x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": " if (ieeeExponent == 255) {\n if (ieeeMantissa != 0) { memcpy(out, \"nan\", 3); return 3; }\n if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, \"-inf\", 4); return 4; }\n memcpy(out, \"inf\", 3);\n return 3;\n }\n if (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0) {", "old_string": " if (__builtin_expect(ieeeExponent == 255, 0)) {\n if (ieeeMantissa != 0) { memcpy(out, \"nan\", 3); return 3; }\n if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, \"-inf\", 4); return 4; }\n memcpy(out, \"inf\", 3);\n return 3;\n }\n if (__builtin_expect(ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0, 0)) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 301- if (__builtin_expect(ieeeExponent == 255, 0)) { 301+ if (ieeeExponent == 255) { 307- if (__builtin_expect(ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0, 0)) { 307+ if (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0) { Context after edit (lines 298-310): 298│ const uint32_t ieeeMantissa = bits & ((1u << FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) - 1); 299│ const uint32_t ieeeExponent = (bits >> FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) & ((1u << FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS) - 1); 300│ 301│ if (ieeeExponent == 255) { 302│ if (ieeeMantissa != 0) { memcpy(out, "nan", 3); return 3; } 303│ if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, "-inf", 4); return 4; } 304│ memcpy(out, "inf", 3); 305│ return 3; 306│ } 307│ if (ieeeExponent == 0 && ieeeMantissa == 0) { 308│ if (ieeeSign) { memcpy(out, "-0", 2); return 2; } 309│ out[0] = '0'; 310│ return 1;

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && for i in 1 2 3; do ./grade 2>&1 | tail -1; done"}

SCORE +6.0173 (64.772x) SCORE +6.0192 (64.857x) SCORE +6.0185 (64.826x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission && sed -n '95,175p' solve.c"}

} static inline uint32_t mulPow5InvDivPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t q, const int32_t j) { return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT_HI[q] + 1, j); } static inline uint32_t mulPow5divPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t i, const int32_t j) { return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_SPLIT_HI[i], j); } typedef struct { uint32_t mantissa; int32_t exponent; } floating_decimal_32; static inline floating_decimal_32 f2d(const uint32_t ieeeMantissa, const uint32_t ieeeExponent) { int32_t e2; uint32_t m2; if (ieeeExponent == 0) { e2 = 1 - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; m2 = ieeeMantissa; } else { e2 = (int32_t)ieeeExponent - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; m2 = (1u << FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) | ieeeMantissa; } const bool even = (m2 & 1) == 0; const bool acceptBounds = even; const uint32_t mv = 4 * m2; const uint32_t mp = 4 * m2 + 2; const uint32_t mmShift = ieeeMantissa != 0 || ieeeExponent <= 1; const uint32_t mm = 4 * m2 - 1 - mmShift; uint32_t vr, vp, vm; int32_t e10; bool vmIsTrailingZeros = false; bool vrIsTrailingZeros = false; uint8_t lastRemovedDigit = 0; if (e2 >= 0) { const uint32_t q = log10Pow2(e2); e10 = (int32_t)q; const int32_t k = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)q) - 1; const int32_t i = -e2 + (int32_t)q + k; vr = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q, i); vp = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mp, q, i); vm = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mm, q, i); if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) { const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1; lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10); } if (q <= 9) { if (mv % 5 == 0) { vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mv, q); } else if (acceptBounds) { vmIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mm, q); } else { vp -= multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mp, q); } } } else { const uint32_t q = log10Pow5(-e2); e10 = (int32_t)q + e2; const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t)q; const int32_t k = pow5bits(i) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT; int32_t j = (int32_t)q - k; vr = mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)i, j); vp = mulPow5divPow2(mp, (uint32_t)i, j); vm = mulPow5divPow2(mm, (uint32_t)i, j); if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) { j = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT); lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)(i + 1), j) % 10); } if (q <= 1) { vrIsTrailingZeros = true; if (acceptBounds) { vmIsTrailingZeros = mmShift == 1; } else { --vp; } } else if (q < 31) { vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf2_32(mv, q - 1); } } int32_t removed = 0; --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": " if (q <= 9) {\n if (__builtin_expect(mv % 5 == 0, 0)) {", "old_string": " if (q <= 9) {\n if (mv % 5 == 0) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 142- if (mv % 5 == 0) { 142+ if (__builtin_expect(mv % 5 == 0, 0)) { Context after edit (lines 138-145): 138│ const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1; 139│ lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10); 140│ } 141│ if (q <= 9) { 142│ if (__builtin_expect(mv % 5 == 0, 0)) { 143│ vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mv, q); 144│ } else if (acceptBounds) { 145│ vmIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mm, q);

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && for i in 1 2; do ./grade 2>&1 | tail -1; done"}

SCORE +6.0028 (64.126x) SCORE +6.0042 (64.186x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": " if (q <= 9) {\n if (mv % 5 == 0) {", "old_string": " if (q <= 9) {\n if (__builtin_expect(mv % 5 == 0, 0)) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 142- if (__builtin_expect(mv % 5 == 0, 0)) { 142+ if (mv % 5 == 0) { Context after edit (lines 138-145): 138│ const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1; 139│ lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10); 140│ } 141│ if (q <= 9) { 142│ if (mv % 5 == 0) { 143│ vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mv, q); 144│ } else if (acceptBounds) { 145│ vmIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mm, q);

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -3"}

verify 6.1s PASS measure 6.9s 69,156,641 instructions (given: 4,481,345,786) SCORE +6.0179 (64.800x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && python3 - <<'EOF'\nimport struct\nwith open('corpus_32698.bin' if False else __import__('glob').glob('corpus_*.bin')[0],'rb') as f:\n data = f.read()\nn = len(data)//4\nimport array\narr = array.array('I')\narr.frombytes(data)\npos=neg=0\nfor bits in arr:\n ieeeExponent = (bits >> 23) & 0xff\n if ieeeExponent == 255: continue\n e2 = (1-127-23-2) if ieeeExponent==0 else (ieeeExponent-127-23-2)\n if e2>=0: pos+=1\n else: neg+=1\nprint(pos, neg, pos+neg, n)\nEOF"}

11061 38939 50000 50000 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && python3 - <<'EOF'\nimport array, glob\nwith open(glob.glob('corpus_*.bin')[0],'rb') as f:\n data=f.read()\narr=array.array('I'); arr.frombytes(data)\ndef log10Pow5(e):\n return (e*732923)>>20\ndef log10Pow2(e):\n return (e*78913)>>18\nq1=q31=qgt=0\nqle9=qgt9=0\nfor bits in arr:\n ieeeExponent=(bits>>23)&0xff\n if ieeeExponent==255: continue\n e2 = (1-127-23-2) if ieeeExponent==0 else (ieeeExponent-127-23-2)\n if e2<0:\n q=log10Pow5(-e2)\n if q<=1: q1+=1\n elif q<31: q31+=1\n else: qgt+=1\n else:\n q=log10Pow2(e2)\n if q<=9: qle9+=1\n else: qgt9+=1\nprint(\"neg branch: q<=1\", q1, \"1<q<31\", q31, \"q>=31\", qgt)\nprint(\"pos branch: q<=9\", qle9, \"q>9\", qgt9)\nEOF"}

neg branch: q<=1 506 1<q<31 27428 q>=31 11005 pos branch: q<=9 4182 q>9 6879 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": " if (__builtin_expect(q <= 1, 0)) {\n vrIsTrailingZeros = true;\n if (acceptBounds) {\n vmIsTrailingZeros = mmShift == 1;\n } else {\n --vp;\n }\n } else if (q < 31) {", "old_string": " if (q <= 1) {\n vrIsTrailingZeros = true;\n if (acceptBounds) {\n vmIsTrailingZeros = mmShift == 1;\n } else {\n --vp;\n }\n } else if (q < 31) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 163- if (q <= 1) { 163+ if (__builtin_expect(q <= 1, 0)) { Context after edit (lines 160-173): 160│ j = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT); 161│ lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)(i + 1), j) % 10); 162│ } 163│ if (__builtin_expect(q <= 1, 0)) { 164│ vrIsTrailingZeros = true; 165│ if (acceptBounds) { 166│ vmIsTrailingZeros = mmShift == 1; 167│ } else { 168│ --vp; 169│ } 170│ } else if (q < 31) { 171│ vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf2_32(mv, q - 1); 172│ } 173│ }

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && for i in 1 2; do ./grade 2>&1 | tail -1; done"}

SCORE +6.0179 (64.798x) SCORE +6.0196 (64.875x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": " if (__builtin_expect(q <= 9, 0)) {", "old_string": " if (q <= 9) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 141- if (q <= 9) { 141+ if (__builtin_expect(q <= 9, 0)) { Context after edit (lines 138-144): 138│ const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1; 139│ lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10); 140│ } 141│ if (__builtin_expect(q <= 9, 0)) { 142│ if (mv % 5 == 0) { 143│ vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mv, q); 144│ } else if (acceptBounds) {

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && for i in 1 2; do ./grade 2>&1 | tail -1; done"}

SCORE +6.0172 (64.766x) SCORE +6.0202 (64.902x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": " if (q <= 9) {", "old_string": " if (__builtin_expect(q <= 9, 0)) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 141- if (__builtin_expect(q <= 9, 0)) { 141+ if (q <= 9) { Context after edit (lines 138-144): 138│ const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1; 139│ lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10); 140│ } 141│ if (q <= 9) { 142│ if (mv % 5 == 0) { 143│ vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mv, q); 144│ } else if (acceptBounds) {

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build && python3 - <<'EOF'\nimport array, glob, struct, math\nwith open(glob.glob('corpus_*.bin')[0],'rb') as f:\n data=f.read()\narr=array.array('I'); arr.frombytes(data)\nsci=0; notsci=0\nfor bits in arr:\n b=struct.pack('I',bits)\n f=struct.unpack('f',b)[0]\n ieeeExponent=(bits>>23)&0xff\n if ieeeExponent==255 or (ieeeExponent==0 and (bits&0x7fffff)==0): continue\n # approximate E via log10\n if f==0: continue\n af=abs(f)\n E=math.floor(math.log10(af))\n if E< -4 or E>=9:\n sci+=1\n else:\n notsci+=1\nprint(sci, notsci)\nEOF"}

21407 28593 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && for i in 1 2 3; do ./grade 2>&1 | tail -1; done"}

SCORE +6.0183 (64.816x) SCORE +6.0188 (64.838x) SCORE +6.0200 (64.892x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && nohup ./grade --full > /tmp/final_full.txt 2>&1 &\necho \"started pid $!\""}

started pid 3436 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c"}

1 // solve.c — fast shortest round-trip float printing (Ryu-style algorithm). 2 // 3 // Based on the public-domain-equivalent (Apache-2.0 / Boost) Ryu algorithm by 4 // Ulf Adams (https://github.com/ulfjack/ryu), adapted into a single 5 // self-contained file, with output formatting rewritten to match this task's 6 // required grammar (lowercase 'e', no leading '+' on the exponent). 7 // 8 // Algorithm summary: decode the float into mantissa*2^exp2, compute the 9 // interval of decimal values that round to the same float, and find the 10 // shortest decimal mantissa within that interval using fixed-point 11 // multiplication by precomputed powers of 5 (avoiding any big-int/loop 12 // search over precisions like the naive snprintf approach). 13 14 #include <stdint.h> 15 #include <stddef.h> 16 #include <stdbool.h> 17 #include <string.h> 18 #include <math.h> 19 20 #include "pow5_tables.h" 21 22 #define FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS 23 23 #define FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS 8 24 #define FLOAT_BIAS 127 25 #define FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT (125 - 64) 26 #define FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT (125 - 64) 27 28 static const char DIGIT_TABLE[200] = { 29 '0','0','0','1','0','2','0','3','0','4','0','5','0','6','0','7','0','8','0','9', 30 '1','0','1','1','1','2','1','3','1','4','1','5','1','6','1','7','1','8','1','9', 31 '2','0','2','1','2','2','2','3','2','4','2','5','2','6','2','7','2','8','2','9', 32 '3','0','3','1','3','2','3','3','3','4','3','5','3','6','3','7','3','8','3','9', 33 '4','0','4','1','4','2','4','3','4','4','4','5','4','6','4','7','4','8','4','9', 34 '5','0','5','1','5','2','5','3','5','4','5','5','5','6','5','7','5','8','5','9', 35 '6','0','6','1','6','2','6','3','6','4','6','5','6','6','6','7','6','8','6','9', 36 '7','0','7','1','7','2','7','3','7','4','7','5','7','6','7','7','7','8','7','9', 37 '8','0','8','1','8','2','8','3','8','4','8','5','8','6','8','7','8','8','8','9', 38 '9','0','9','1','9','2','9','3','9','4','9','5','9','6','9','7','9','8','9','9' 39 }; 40 41 static inline uint32_t decimalLength9(const uint32_t v) { 42 if (v >= 100000000u) return 9; 43 if (v >= 10000000u) return 8; 44 if (v >= 1000000u) return 7; 45 if (v >= 100000u) return 6; 46 if (v >= 10000u) return 5; 47 if (v >= 1000u) return 4; 48 if (v >= 100u) return 3; 49 if (v >= 10u) return 2; 50 return 1; 51 } 52 53 static inline int32_t log2pow5(const int32_t e) { 54 return (int32_t)((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19); 55 } 56 static inline int32_t pow5bits(const int32_t e) { 57 return (int32_t)(((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19) + 1); 58 } 59 static inline uint32_t log10Pow2(const int32_t e) { 60 return (((uint32_t)e) * 78913u) >> 18; 61 } 62 static inline uint32_t log10Pow5(const int32_t e) { 63 return (((uint32_t)e) * 732923u) >> 20; 64 } 65 66 static inline uint32_t pow5factor_32(uint32_t value) { 67 uint32_t count = 0; 68 for (;;) { 69 uint32_t q = value / 5; 70 uint32_t r = value % 5; 71 if (r != 0) break; 72 value = q; 73 ++count; 74 } 75 return count; 76 } 77 static inline bool multipleOfPowerOf5_32(const uint32_t value, const uint32_t p) { 78 return pow5factor_32(value) >= p; 79 } 80 static inline bool multipleOfPowerOf2_32(const uint32_t value, const uint32_t p) { 81 return (value & ((1u << p) - 1)) == 0; 82 } 83 84 static inline uint32_t mulShift32(const uint32_t m, const uint64_t factor, const int32_t shift) { 85 // factor is 64 bits, m is 32 bits: the product fits in 96 bits, so a 86 // single 128-bit multiply (native on x86_64) is both simpler and faster 87 // than the manual 32x32 split used by the reference Ryu implementation 88 // (which targeted platforms without fast 64x64->128 multiply). 89 // shift is always in [54, 61] for float32 (verified exhaustively over all 90 // exponents); tell the compiler so it can emit a plain shift instead of a 91 // generic variable-shift-with-overflow-check sequence. 92 if (shift < 32 || shift >= 64) __builtin_unreachable(); 93 __uint128_t prod = (__uint128_t)factor * m; 94 return (uint32_t)(prod >> shift); 95 } 96 97 static inline uint32_t mulPow5InvDivPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t q, const int32_t j) { 98 return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT_HI[q] + 1, j); 99 } 100 static inline uint32_t mulPow5divPow2(const uint32_t m, const uint32_t i, const int32_t j) { 101 return mulShift32(m, FLOAT_POW5_SPLIT_HI[i], j); 102 } 103 104 typedef struct { uint32_t mantissa; int32_t exponent; } floating_decimal_32; 105 106 static inline floating_decimal_32 f2d(const uint32_t ieeeMantissa, const uint32_t ieeeExponent) { 107 int32_t e2; 108 uint32_t m2; 109 if (ieeeExponent == 0) { 110 e2 = 1 - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; 111 m2 = ieeeMantissa; 112 } else { 113 e2 = (int32_t)ieeeExponent - FLOAT_BIAS - FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2; 114 m2 = (1u << FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) | ieeeMantissa; 115 } 116 const bool even = (m2 & 1) == 0; 117 const bool acceptBounds = even; 118 119 const uint32_t mv = 4 * m2; 120 const uint32_t mp = 4 * m2 + 2; 121 const uint32_t mmShift = ieeeMantissa != 0 || ieeeExponent <= 1; 122 const uint32_t mm = 4 * m2 - 1 - mmShift; 123 124 uint32_t vr, vp, vm; 125 int32_t e10; 126 bool vmIsTrailingZeros = false; 127 bool vrIsTrailingZeros = false; 128 uint8_t lastRemovedDigit = 0; 129 if (e2 >= 0) { 130 const uint32_t q = log10Pow2(e2); 131 e10 = (int32_t)q; 132 const int32_t k = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)q) - 1; 133 const int32_t i = -e2 + (int32_t)q + k; 134 vr = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q, i); 135 vp = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mp, q, i); 136 vm = mulPow5InvDivPow2(mm, q, i); 137 if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) { 138 const int32_t l = FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + pow5bits((int32_t)(q - 1)) - 1; 139 lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5InvDivPow2(mv, q - 1, -e2 + (int32_t)q - 1 + l) % 10); 140 } 141 if (q <= 9) { 142 if (mv % 5 == 0) { 143 vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mv, q); 144 } else if (acceptBounds) { 145 vmIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mm, q); 146 } else { 147 vp -= multipleOfPowerOf5_32(mp, q); 148 } 149 } 150 } else { 151 const uint32_t q = log10Pow5(-e2); 152 e10 = (int32_t)q + e2; 153 const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t)q; 154 const int32_t k = pow5bits(i) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT; 155 int32_t j = (int32_t)q - k; 156 vr = mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)i, j); 157 vp = mulPow5divPow2(mp, (uint32_t)i, j); 158 vm = mulPow5divPow2(mm, (uint32_t)i, j); 159 if (__builtin_expect(q != 0 && (vp - 1) / 10 <= vm / 10, 0)) { 160 j = (int32_t)q - 1 - (pow5bits(i + 1) - FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT); 161 lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(mulPow5divPow2(mv, (uint32_t)(i + 1), j) % 10); 162 } 163 if (__builtin_expect(q <= 1, 0)) { 164 vrIsTrailingZeros = true; 165 if (acceptBounds) { 166 vmIsTrailingZeros = mmShift == 1; 167 } else { 168 --vp; 169 } 170 } else if (q < 31) { 171 vrIsTrailingZeros = multipleOfPowerOf2_32(mv, q - 1); 172 } 173 } 174 175 int32_t removed = 0; 176 uint32_t output; 177 if (__builtin_expect(vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros, 0)) { 178 while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 179 vmIsTrailingZeros &= vm % 10 == 0; 180 vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; 181 lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 182 vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 183 ++removed; 184 } 185 if (vmIsTrailingZeros) { 186 while (vm % 10 == 0) { 187 vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastRemovedDigit == 0; 188 lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 189 vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 190 ++removed; 191 } 192 } 193 if (vrIsTrailingZeros && lastRemovedDigit == 5 && vr % 2 == 0) { 194 lastRemovedDigit = 4; 195 } 196 output = vr + ((vr == vm && (!acceptBounds || !vmIsTrailingZeros)) || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); 197 } else { 198 while (vp / 10 > vm / 10) { 199 lastRemovedDigit = (uint8_t)(vr % 10); 200 vr /= 10; vp /= 10; vm /= 10; 201 ++removed; 202 } 203 output = vr + (vr == vm || lastRemovedDigit >= 5); 204 } 205 const int32_t exp = e10 + removed; 206 207 floating_decimal_32 fd; 208 fd.exponent = exp; 209 fd.mantissa = output; 210 return fd; 211 } 212 213 // Writes the digits of `output` (olength of them) into digbuf[0..olength). 214 static inline void write_digits(uint32_t output, uint32_t olength, char *digbuf) { 215 uint32_t i = 0; 216 while (output >= 10000) { 217 const uint32_t c = output % 10000; 218 output /= 10000; 219 const uint32_t c0 = (c % 100) << 1; 220 const uint32_t c1 = (c / 100) << 1; 221 memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 2, DIGIT_TABLE + c0, 2); 222 memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 4, DIGIT_TABLE + c1, 2); 223 i += 4; 224 } 225 if (output >= 100) { 226 const uint32_t c = (output % 100) << 1; 227 output /= 100; 228 memcpy(digbuf + olength - i - 2, DIGIT_TABLE + c, 2); 229 i += 2; 230 } 231 if (output >= 10) { 232 const uint32_t c = output << 1; 233 digbuf[1] = DIGIT_TABLE[c + 1]; 234 digbuf[0] = DIGIT_TABLE[c]; 235 } else { 236 digbuf[0] = (char)('0' + output); 237 } 238 } 239 240 // Formats the decimal value (mantissa `output` with olength digits, 241 // normalized exponent E meaning value = d1.d2...dn * 10^E) into `out` 242 // following the task's grammar. Returns bytes written (excluding any 243 // preceding sign, which the caller already wrote). 244 static inline size_t format_value(uint32_t output, uint32_t olength, int32_t E, char *out) { 245 char dig[9]; 246 write_digits(output, olength, dig); 247 248 // Mimic %g's choice of notation: scientific if E < -4 or E >= olength. 249 bool use_sci = (E < -4) || (E >= (int32_t)olength); 250 251 size_t n = 0; 252 if (!use_sci) { 253 if (E >= 0) { 254 // integer part has E+1 digits, then fraction (olength-E-1 digits) if any. 255 uint32_t int_len = (uint32_t)E + 1; 256 memcpy(out + n, dig, int_len); 257 n += int_len; 258 if (int_len < olength) { 259 out[n++] = '.'; 260 memcpy(out + n, dig + int_len, olength - int_len); 261 n += olength - int_len; 262 } 263 } else { 264 // 0.000digits ; number of zeros after decimal point = -E-1 265 out[n++] = '0'; 266 out[n++] = '.'; 267 int32_t zeros = -E - 1; 268 for (int32_t k = 0; k < zeros; k++) out[n++] = '0'; 269 memcpy(out + n, dig, olength); 270 n += olength; 271 } 272 } else { 273 out[n++] = dig[0]; 274 if (olength > 1) { 275 out[n++] = '.'; 276 memcpy(out + n, dig + 1, olength - 1); 277 n += olength - 1; 278 } 279 out[n++] = 'e'; 280 int32_t exp = E; 281 if (exp < 0) { out[n++] = '-'; exp = -exp; } 282 if (exp >= 10) { 283 memcpy(out + n, DIGIT_TABLE + 2 * exp, 2); 284 n += 2; 285 } else { 286 out[n++] = (char)('0' + exp); 287 } 288 } 289 return n; 290 } 291 292 __attribute__((no_stack_protector)) 293 size_t float_print(float f, char *out) { 294 uint32_t bits; 295 mem ... [1004 characters truncated for page size]

{"command": "grep -n \"log2pow5\\|math.h\\|isnan\\|isinf\\|signbit\" /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c"}

18:#include <math.h> 53:static inline int32_t log2pow5(const int32_t e) { --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": "#include <string.h>", "old_string": "#include <string.h>\n#include <math.h>"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 17- #include <string.h> 18- #include <math.h> 17+ #include <string.h> Context after edit (lines 14-20): 14│ #include <stdint.h> 15│ #include <stddef.h> 16│ #include <stdbool.h> 17│ #include <string.h> 18│ 19│ #include "pow5_tables.h" 20│

{"file_path": "/tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c", "new_string": "static inline int32_t pow5bits(const int32_t e) {", "old_string": "static inline int32_t log2pow5(const int32_t e) {\n return (int32_t)((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19);\n}\nstatic inline int32_t pow5bits(const int32_t e) {"}

Edited /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission/solve.c: replaced 1 occurrence(s) 52- static inline int32_t log2pow5(const int32_t e) { 53- return (int32_t)((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19); 54- } Context after edit (lines 49-55): 49│ return 1; 50│ } 51│ 52│ static inline int32_t pow5bits(const int32_t e) { 53│ return (int32_t)(((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359u) >> 19) + 1); 54│ } 55│ static inline uint32_t log10Pow2(const int32_t e) {

{"command": "pgrep -af \"grade --full\"; cat /tmp/final_full.txt"}

3437 python3 ./grade --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "ls -la /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify\ndate"}

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 63856 Jul 19 04:28 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify Sun Jul 19 04:28:52 UTC 2026 --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/submission && cc -O2 -std=c17 -c solve.c -o /tmp/test.o && echo OK"}

OK --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "for i in $(seq 1 20); do\n if ! pgrep -f \"grade --full\" > /dev/null; then echo DONE; break; fi\n sleep 20\ndone"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 342523fdcw Name: for i Foreground time used: 120.1s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/342523fdcw.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/342523fdcw.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="342523fdcw" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="342523fdcw" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 1800, "task_id": "342523fdcw"}

Background task finished. Task: 342523fdcw Name: for i Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T04:29:02.523465225+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T04:35:43.651783676+00:00 Duration: 401.13s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T04:35:43.651836187+00:00 Output preview: ```text --- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- ```

{"command": "pgrep -af \"grade --full\""}

3437 python3 ./grade --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "for i in $(seq 1 20); do\n if ! pgrep -f \"grade --full\" > /dev/null; then echo DONE; break; fi\n sleep 20\ndone"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 748021bbrk Name: for i Foreground time used: 120.0s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/748021bbrk.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/748021bbrk.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="748021bbrk" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="748021bbrk" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 1800, "task_id": "748021bbrk"}

Background task finished. Task: 748021bbrk Name: for i Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T04:35:48.021363975+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T04:42:30.037689386+00:00 Duration: 402.02s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T04:42:30.037744292+00:00 Output preview: ```text --- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- ```

{"command": "pgrep -af \"grade --full\""}

3437 python3 ./grade --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "for i in $(seq 1 20); do\n if ! pgrep -f \"grade --full\" > /dev/null; then echo DONE; break; fi\n sleep 20\ndone"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 1551769xnq Name: for i Foreground time used: 120.0s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/1551769xnq.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/1551769xnq.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="1551769xnq" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="1551769xnq" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 1800, "task_id": "1551769xnq"}

Background task finished. Task: 1551769xnq Name: for i Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T04:42:35.176198912+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T04:49:16.420346900+00:00 Duration: 401.24s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T04:49:16.420386146+00:00 Output preview: ```text --- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- ```

{"command": "pgrep -af \"grade --full\"; cat /tmp/final_full.txt"}

3437 python3 ./grade --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "ps aux | grep verify | grep -v grep\nps -o etimes,pid,pcpu,cmd -p $(pgrep -f \"build/verify\" | head -1) 2>/dev/null"}

root 3452 739 0.0 28552 12816 ? Sl 04:28 154:16 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 35311 --full ELAPSED PID %CPU CMD 1252 3452 739 /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print/.build/verify 35311 --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "for i in $(seq 1 20); do\n if ! pgrep -f \"grade --full\" > /dev/null; then echo DONE; break; fi\n sleep 20\ndone"}

Command exceeded the foreground timeout after 120.0s and is continuing in background. Task ID: 5689577udk Name: for i Foreground time used: 120.0s Output file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/5689577udk.output Status file: /tmp/jcode-bg-tasks/5689577udk.status.json The command is still running; do not rerun it unless you intentionally want a second copy. Use `bg` with action="wait" and task_id="5689577udk" to wait for completion or the next progress checkpoint. Use `bg` with action="output" and task_id="5689577udk" to inspect output.

{"action": "wait", "max_wait_seconds": 1800, "task_id": "5689577udk"}

Background task finished. Task: 5689577udk Name: for i Tool: bash Status: completed Session: session_dragon_1784428608933_f17a14a447de85ad Started: 2026-07-19T04:49:28.957006048+00:00 Completed: 2026-07-19T04:56:10.245189628+00:00 Duration: 401.29s Exit code: 0 Notify: true Wake: false Recent events: - Completed · 2026-07-19T04:56:10.245241528+00:00 Output preview: ```text --- Command finished with exit code: 0 --- ```

{"command": "pgrep -af \"grade --full\"; cat /tmp/final_full.txt"}

3437 python3 ./grade --full --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "for i in $(seq 1 20); do\n if ! pgrep -f \"grade --full\" > /dev/null; then echo DONE; break; fi\n sleep 20\ndone"}

DONE --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cat /tmp/final_full.txt\ncd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && tail -3 scores.jsonl"}

build 1.3s verify 1740.5s PASS (FULL gate) measure 6.9s 69,154,416 instructions (given: 4,484,663,532) SCORE +6.0190 (64.850x) {"ts": "2026-07-19T04:28:14Z", "seed": 35279, "cost": 69115447, "given_cost": 4481282133, "score": 6.0188, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T04:28:28Z", "seed": 35294, "cost": 69076081, "given_cost": 4482501495, "score": 6.02, "full_gate": false} {"ts": "2026-07-19T04:57:40Z", "seed": 35311, "cost": 69154416, "given_cost": 4484663532, "score": 6.019, "full_gate": true} --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -5"}

build 1.2s verify 6.2s PASS measure 7.0s 69,138,099 instructions (given: 4,482,061,866) SCORE +6.0185 (64.828x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && git add -A submission && git status\ngit -c user.email=\"jcode@local\" -c user.name=\"Jcode\" commit -q -m \"Add branch hints and stack-protector opt-out for +6.02 score\" && git log --oneline"}

On branch master Changes to be committed: (use "git restore --staged <file>..." to unstage) modified: submission/solve.c Untracked files: (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) .build/ grade scores.jsonl spec.md verify/ 25e65f8 Add branch hints and stack-protector opt-out for +6.02 score fa19a46 Implement Ryu-style shortest float printing (score +5.94) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---

{"command": "cd /tmp/jcode-bench/20260719T023554Z-jcode-solo-claude-sonnet-5-float-print/tasks/float-print && ./grade 2>&1 | tail -5"}

build 1.2s verify 6.1s PASS measure 7.0s 69,166,062 instructions (given: 4,475,077,998) SCORE +6.0157 (64.700x) --- Command finished with exit code: 0 ---